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Bioweaponry is rooted in the ancient past. It became a science in the early 20th century following the breakthrough discoveries in microbiology and immunology of the late 1800s. The 20th century, with its major and minor wars, saw the research and development of biological weapons capable of immense destruction of life, which were used both by nations in preparation for military warfare and by individuals...
Ricin toxin (RT) is a plant-derived toxin of extraordinary toxicity; a single molecule successfully internalized into the cytoplasm of a cell is lethal for that cell. An estimated dose of 1-10μg/kg is lethal to humans, making aerosolized ricin a potential agent for bioterrorism. Vaccination against ricin using either denatured toxin or its modified A chain subunit (RTA) has been successful in experimental...
In partnership with industry, WHO has developed a number of strategies to facilitate access to vaccines recommended for use in national immunization programs. These strategies have been necessitated by the increasing fragility of vaccine supply for developing markets. The potential global spread of epidemic disease has made it imperative to expand these efforts. A new concept is proposed, that of...
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