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We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in Uzbekistan from the healthcare system and societal perspectives. Disease burden was estimated using national statistics on hospitalizations and deaths, and international estimates of under-five mortality. Without vaccination, the risk for rotavirus hospitalization by age 5 is 10 per 1000 children. Rotavirus hospitalizations cost US$ 406,000...
We review 15 economic analyses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, published between 2002 and 2006, in terms of methodology, assumptions, results and conclusions. We found a great diversity in assumptions (eg, vaccine efficacy parameters, incidence rates for both invasive and non-invasive disease) mainly due to local variation in data and opinions. Accordingly, the results varied greatly, from total...
One dose of serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV-C) at 12 months of age is the most common immunization schedule in Canada, but immunity may wane over time.To assess the cost-effectiveness of a booster dose at 12 years of age with either MCV-C or a quadrivalent ACYW135 meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV-4).A simulation model for assessing both the direct and indirect effects of vaccination...
Clinical trials have shown prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines to be effective against infection and disease. We examined whether HPV vaccination has the potential to be cost-effective.A cohort model of the natural history of HPV was developed, which fits simultaneously Canadian age and type-specific data for infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer (CC) and genital...
Although many vaccination strategies are cost-effective, some of the newer vaccines are more expensive and may raise concerns about value for money. However, standard methods of economic evaluation may not adequately assess the true cost-effectiveness of vaccines, with the consequent under-application of vaccine strategies.Therefore, this paper reviews the evidence on cost-effectiveness of vaccines...
We use an empirically calibrated model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention in Brazil, a country with a high cervical cancer burden. Assuming 70% coverage, HPV 16, 18 vaccination of adolescent girls is expected to reduce the lifetime risk of cancer by approximately 42.7% (range, 33.2–53.5%); screening three times per lifetime is expected to reduce risk by 21.9–30.7% depending...
Vaccinating children at day-care may be a cost-effective approach for improving influenza immunization rates in this high-risk group. This study uses influenza attack-rate data from a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of live-attenuated influenza vaccine, trivalent in day-care centres from two consecutive influenza seasons, one with a moderate attack rate (H1N1 dominant) and one...
A live-attenuated varicella–zoster virus vaccine, demonstrated to reduce the incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and the morbidity associated with incident HZ and its sequelae, has recently been approved for use in the United States (U.S.).To examine the potential value of zoster vaccine for society and payers.An age-specific decision analytic model was designed to estimate...
Rotavirus is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children. Two rotavirus vaccines with demonstrated safety and efficacy in large scale clinical trials have recently received universal funding in Australia. We modelled specific outcomes of disease (hospitalisations, emergency department visits, general practitioner visits, and deaths) and examined the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness...
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