A very important raw material of the prehistoric age, radiolarite was investigated in this work. Samples from geological and archaeological sites of the Carpathian basin, Greece and Austria were analyzed by ion beam methods, namely proton-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) and proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) techniques. Our aim was to study to what extent we are able to classify the specimens with various macroscopical features and different source areas. In order to answer this question, a cluster analysis was carried out on the concentration data set deduced from the analysis. Correlations between the elemental compositions and the source regions are established.