DNA was examined by RAPD banding for Junipers chinensis, J.c. var. sargentii, J.c. var. tsukusiensis, J. communis, J.c. var. nipponica, J.c. var. saxatilis, J. conferta, J. formosana, J. procumbens, J. rigida, J. taxifolia and J.t. var. lutchuensis. The DNA data readily separated junipers of section Sabina from section Juniperus. J.c. var. tsukusiensis from Taiwan was found to be sufficiently different from J.c. var. tsukusiensis (Yakushima) to warrant the recognition of a new variety: J. chinensis var. taiwanensis R.P. Adams and C-F. Hsieh nov. var. Juniperus formosana from mainland China was found to be different from J. formosana from Taiwan and a new variety is recognized: J. formosana var. mairei (Lemee and Lev.) R.P. Adams and C-F. Hsieh comb. nov. Juniperus communis var. nipponica was found to be very distinct from J. communis and this supports its recognition as a variety. The recognition of J. conferta as a variety of J. rigida [J. rigida var. conferta (Parl.) Patschke] is supported by the data. The data also supports the recognition of J. lutchuensis Koidz. [=J. taxifolia var. lutchuensis (Koldz.) Satake] and J. morrisonicola Hayata [=J. squamata var. morrisonicola (Hayata) H.L. Li and H. Keng] at the specific levels.