The tribological performances of the two new composite materials, consisting of the layered ternary carbides (MAX phases), Ta 2 AlC or Cr 2 AlC, and 20vol.% Ag, were investigated in the temperature range from ambient to 550°C against a Ni-based superalloy, SA (Inconel 718) and alumina counterparts. Over the entire temperature range, the wear rates, WRs, during dry sliding against the SA counterparts for the Ta 2 AlC–Ag and Cr 2 AlC–Ag composites were <5×10 −5 and <10 −4 mm 3 /Nm, respectively. The friction coefficients, μ, were <0.5. The WRs of the SA counterparts were also relatively low (<10 −4 mm 3 /Nm). Under thermocycling conditions, the tribological performance of the MAX/Ag composites-Inc718 tribocouples got better with sliding distance. When the composites were tested against Al 2 O 3 , their WRs at moderate temperatures were also ≈10 −5 mm 3 /Nm, but at 550°C the WRs increased by about an order or magnitude. Both composites had tensile strengths, σ t , >150MPa, compressive strengths, σ c , >1.5GPa at ambient temperature and σ t >100MPa at 550°C. Their good tribological performance together with decent mechanical properties and excellent machinability render them promising materials for various high temperature tribological applications.