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Orexin-A (ORX-A) and orexin-B (ORX-B) play critical roles in the regulation of sleep–wakefulness and feeding. ORX neurons project to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT), which regulates waking and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Thus, we examined electrophysiological effects of ORXs on rat PPT neurons with a soma size of more than 30μm. Whole cell patch clamp recording in vitro revealed that...
Orexin (ORX), also called hypocretin, and ghrelin are newly identified peptides in the brain and/or peripheral organs, and they are involved in the regulation of sleep–wakefulness as well as feeding. In our previous studies we have found that ORX and ghrelin each depolarizes more than half of the cholinergic neurons recorded in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) via a dual ionic mechanism...
Orexin-A (ORX-A) and orexin-B (ORX-B) play critical roles in the regulation of sleep–wakefulness, energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine system and autonomic functions. Although ORXs are also implicated in the reward process, their electrophysiological effects on neurons in the shell of nucleus accumbems (NAcSh) have not been described thoroughly. Therefore we examined the electrophysiological effects...
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