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Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) of the troposphere which is related to water vapor is important as it may help us in weather forecasting. The atmospheric water vapor varies according to the season and it also varies quickly on short temporal and spatial scales during stormy periods. Thus it plays a crucial role in meteorology. GPS is one of the relatively inexpensive...
We examined simultaneous measurements of currents and close electric field changes, as well as high-speed video images, associated with pulses superimposed on the initial continuous current (ICC pulses) and M-components following return strokes in upward flashes initiated from the Gaisberg Tower in Austria. For tower-initiated lightning, upward leaders often create multiple branches below the cloud...
Behaviors of the integrated wave gain of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the H + –He + plasma of the inner magnetosphere is investigated. The integrated wave gain is obtained by integration of a temporal local growth rate along a geomagnetic field line. The local growth rate is determined by the method of Kennel and Petschek (1966) generalized on the case of a bi-ion...
We analyze mathematically air temperature measurements made near the ground by the Williams College expedition to observe the first total occultation of the Sun [TOS (commonly known as a total solar eclipse)] of the 21st century in Lusaka, Zambia, in the afternoon of June 21, 2001. To do so, we have revisited some earlier and contemporary methods to test their usefulness for this analysis. Two of...
The conclusion by Soon and Legates (2013) that “increase in solar radiation has caused an increase in both oceanic and atmospheric heat transport to the Arctic in the warm period since the 1970s, resulting in a reduced temperature gradient between the Equator and the Arctic”, is discussed, and a different explanation of the results is proposed here.
Investigations on the magnetospheric–ionospheric processes form an important element of research in the understanding of the solar–terrestrial interactions. In this work, we have investigated the linkage between the ring current intensity and the high-latitude ionospheric plasma density variations during different geomagnetic conditions. The Global Positioning System (GPS) derived Vertical Total Electron...
In this paper, we investigate the use of relevance vector machine (RVM) as a learning tool in order to generate 1-h (one hour) ahead forecasts for geomagnetic storms driven by the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth's magnetosphere during the years 1996–2007. This epoch included solar cycle 23 with storms that were both ICME (interplanetary coronal mass ejection) and CIR (corotating interaction...
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