The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Tax protein of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a potent trans-activator of specific sets of target genes, and on the other hand, it is a trans-repressor of other sets of genes. It is also an inhibitor of the tumor suppressor protein p16 INK4a and thus has been thought to contribute to induction of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). We examined the mutagenic effects of Tax on a cellular...
Although the pathogenic effects of a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on hematopoiesis has been largely investigated so far, the effects of a persistent or latent infection have yet to be elucidated. The effects of persistent CMV infection on hematopoiesis thus were examined using BALB/c mice at 4 weeks postinfection with 0.2 LD 50 of murine CMV (MCMV) infection as a persistent infection...
The mRNAs from early region 1 (E1) and pIX of bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3) have been studied by Northern blot, S1 nuclease, and cDNA analysis and transcriptional maps for the regions were constructed. The transcriptional map for the E1 region of BAV-3 is different from those of mouse and human adenoviruses for which transcriptional maps for the regions have been constructed. The E1A region of...
To explore the possibility of conferring a long-term resistance against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by a low continuous production of interferon-β (IFN-β) in hematopoietic progenitor cells, we transduced the human CD34 + TF-1 cells with a retroviral vector ensuring IFN-β production. The IFN-β-transduction of TF-1 cells resulted in resistance to infection with HIV-LAI, as shown by the...
Infection of plants or protoplasts with turnip crinkle virus (TCV) results in the synthesis of the genomic RNA and two subgenomic (sg) RNAs of 1.7 kb and 1.45 kb, respectively. Both of the sgRNA promoters were characterized previously and their secondary structures predicted by computer analysis [J. Wang and A. E. Simon (1997).Virology232, 174–186]. Secondary structure-sensitive chemical and enzymatic...
JB/RH1 melanoma cells, as well as other melanomas of C57BL/6 mice (B16 and JB/MS), express a common melanoma-associated antigen (MAA) encoded by an ecotropic melanoma-associated retrovirus (MelARV). JB/RH1 cells do not express the H-2K b molecules due to down-regulation of the H-2K b and TAP-1 genes. When JB/RH1 cells were transfected with the H-2K b and cotransfected with...
Gene 3 protein (pIII), a minor coat protein at one end of the filamentous bacteriophage fd, is involved in initiating the infection by the virus ofEscherichia colicells that display an F-pilus. Infection is thought to start with the adsorption of the D2 domain of pIII to the tip of the pilus, retraction of the pilus, and penetration of theE. colicell membrane mediated by an interaction between the...
All retroviruses (except the spumaretroviruses) contain a nucleocapsid (NC) protein that encodes one or two copies of the Zn 2+ -finger sequence -Cys-X 2 -Cys-X 4 -His-X 4 -Cys-. This region has been shown to be essential for recognition and packaging of the genomic RNA during virion particle assembly. Additionally, this region has been shown to be involved in early...
To investigate the molecular basis of oncogenesis induced by the v-myconcogene of avian myelocytomatosis virus MC29, we developed a conditional cell transformation system in which expression of the MC29 v-mycallele is dependent on a doxycycline-sensitive transactivator (tTA). Clonal lines of quail embryo fibroblasts transformed by doxycycline-controlled v-mycrevert to the normal phenotype and lose...
The open reading frame (ORF) and the regulated synthesis of the influenza C viral NS1 protein were analyzed in view of viruses possessing different biological activities. We provide evidence for a 246-amino-acid NS1-ORF, encoded by five viral strains and variants. Prokaryotic expression of the prototype NS1-ORF resulted in a product of 27 kDa, confirming the predicted molecular weight. Using an antiserum...
In benign squamous lesions and in organotypic epithelial cultures, the human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 genes are transcriptionally up-regulated in differentiated, spinous keratinocytes. We previously identified sequence elements in the enhancer-promoter regions of HPV types 18 and 11 important for this promoter regulation by using the bacterial LacZ reporter gene in stratified raft cultures of...
The geminivirusAC2gene product transactivates the expression of the coat and movement protein (CPandBV1) genes, and this effect seems to be mediated by specific although hitherto unknowncis-acting elements. In this work we examined regions from theCPandBV1gene promoters of pepper huasteco virus (PHV) to define the sequence elements involved in regulation by AC2. Results from transient gene expression...
The barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) triple gene block (TGB) coding for movement proteins (MPs) was replaced with the respective TGB genes from two other hordeiviruses, poa semilatent virus (PSLV) or lychnis ringspot virus (LRSV). The BSMV/LRSV recombinant did not exhibit infectivity on the plants tested, whereas the infection rate and host range of the BSMV/PSLV hybrid were similar to those of BSMV...
ICP0R is the polypeptide product of an alternatively spliced transcript of the gene encoding the transactivator protein ICP0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Although it has been shown to act as a transrepressor of gene expression in transfection assays, overexpression of the ICP0R protein in the recombinant virus HSV–KST was previously found to have no detectable effect on virus replication,...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is considered to infect nondividing cells because nuclear localization signals (NLS) in matrix (MA, p17 Gag ) and Vpr allow active nuclear transport of the preintegration complex. Previous studies demonstrated that HIV-1 reverse transcription is successful only in cells with proliferative potential, thus restricting HIV-1 replication to cycling cells...
Immunization regimens that induce a broadly reactive cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) response specific for lentiviral antigens have emerged as the leading candidates in efficacy trials conducted in both animal modelshumans. To date, lentivirus vaccination strategies have overlooked one such immunization strategy, namely the use of particulate antigens. To evaluate the efficacy of targeting antigen into...
Influenza A (H5N1) viruses infected humans in Hong Kong between May and December, 1997. Sixteen viruses, including 6 from fatal cases, were isolated during this outbreak. Molecular analysis of the surface proteins genes encoding the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of these H5N1 isolates, of a subtype not previously known to infect humans, are presented. The 16 human H5 HA sequences contain...
Alphaherpesviral glycoprotein D (gD) is a critical component of the cell membrane penetration system. Cells that express gD of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), pseudorabies virus (PRV), or bovine herpesvirus type 1.1 (BHV1.1) resist infection by the homologous virus due to interference with viral entry at the level of penetration. BHV1.1 gD interferes with the distantly related viruses HSV1 and...
Antisera were raised against peptides corresponding to the N-termini of capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 from the parvovirus minute virus of mice. Epitopes in the 142-amino-acid VP1-specific region were not accessible in the great majority of newly released viral particles, and sera directed against them failed to neutralize virus directly or deplete stocks of infectious virions. However, brief exposure...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.