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Spontaneous orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) tolerance occurs uniformly between the inbred rat strains of DA (MHC haplotype RT1 a ) into PVG (RT1 c ) despite a fully allogeneic barrier. Animals transplanted in this combination do, however, undergo a rejection episode which appears to be self-limiting. In order to clarify this further we under took in situ measurements of the cytokines...
We describe here the modulation caused by intrapleural (i.pl.) injection of the cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and their specific antibodies in the early (4h) and late (48h) inflammatory responses caused by injection of carrageenan (Cg) into the mouse pleural cavity. The antibodies against TNF-α and IL-1β, when injected 30min prior to Cg, reduced, in a graded and significant manner, both exudation and...
Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is often associated with thyroidal autoimmune diseases. This cytokine has been largely described to trigger an important biological signalling pathway: the sphingomyelin/ceramide pathway. In this report we show that IL-1β induces ceramide formation and sphingomyelin degradation in porcine thyroid cells via the activation of a neutral sphingomyelinase. Among the potential...
Background: glutamine modulates cytokine production by immune cells in vitro and protects the gut from experimental enterocolitis, but data on the effect of glutamine on cytokine production in human gut are lacking. Aim: to assess the effect of glutamine pre-treatment in vivo and in vitro on cytokine production by intestinal mucosa. Methods: nine fasted volunteers received either enteral glutamine...
Suspect field cases of BSE infection (displaying clinical signs) were examined for possible alterations of cytokine/autacoid plasma levels and were compared to control cases (not displaying clinical signs of BSE infection). Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) plasma levels were demonstrated as being elevated in all suspected field cases of BSE infection (irrespective of BSE status; determined via postmortem...
The role of transcription factor STAT1 in production of pro-inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and IL-6 was examined in murine embryonic fibroblasts. While cells from wild-type animals released large amounts of NO after stimulation with IFN-γ in combination with LPS, TNF-α or IL-1, their STAT1-deficient counterparts failed to synthesise detectable levels of this free radical gas. Inability of...
We previously reported that transduction of IL-10 to rat liver allografts facilitates survival prolongation after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). In the current study, we examined Lewis hosts of IL-10-transduced allografts that had survived longer than 50 days in order to characterize peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Phenotype analysis of the PBMC demonstrated an 18-fold increase...
Objective: The aim of this study is to clarify the perioperative cytokine changes and their mechanism in jaundiced liver.Materials and methods: Obstructive jaundice was induced using a common bile duct ligation (CBDL) and a two-thirds hepatectomy (HEP) was performed in six- to seven-week-old male C3H/HeN mice. When hepatectomy was added to CBDL, it was carried out 2 to 5 days after CBDL. The serum...
Erythropoietin (Epo) transduces mitogenic and chemoattractant signals to human endothelial cells. Identifications of Epo-responsive genes are important for understanding the molecular nature of Epo signaling in endothelial cells. The effects of Epo on differential expression of various genes were examined in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) by differential display reverse transcriptase...
The signalling mechanisms in oxidative stress mediated by cytokines in the perinatal alveolar epithelium are not well known. In an in vitro model of fetal alveolar type II epithelial cells, we investigated the profile of cytokines in response to ascending Δp O 2 regimen (oxyexcitation). The peak of TNF-α (4h) preceded IL-1β and IL-6 (6–9h), indicating a positive feedback autocrine loop confirmed...
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