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The aim of this study was to characterize the mediators released by mast cells responsible for IL-8-induced neutrophil migration. It was observed that IL-8 induces a dose-dependent neutrophil migration into peritoneal cavity of rats, but not into air-pouch cavity in which resident mast cells are not present. The transference of peritoneal mast cells to the air-pouch renders this cavity responsive...
This study examines the effect of methylprednisolone on cytokine balance and adhesion molecule expression within an isolated cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system. This isolated CPB system is an in vitro model which simulates the pro-inflammatory immune response. Whole blood from 10 volunteers was obtained in two equal amounts. Heparin and saline were added to the control group while heparin and methylprednisolone...
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IL-1 action is regulated in part by its naturally occurring inhibitor, the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Four splice variants of IL-1Ra gene product have been described, one secreted (sIL-1Ra) and three intracellular (icIL-1Ra1, 2, 3). Although sIL-1Ra and icIL-1Ra1 bind to type I IL-1 receptor...
Whilst elevated urinary transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ) is associated with chronic renal dysfunction its role in acute peri-operative renal dysfunction is unknown. In contrast, peri-operative increases in urinary IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and TNF soluble receptor-2 (TNFsr-2) mirror pro-inflammatory activity in the nephron and correlate with renal complications. Steroids modulate some...
Cytokines and polymorphonuclear leukocytes play a key role in immune mediated inflammation in progressive pulmonary damage due to cystic fibrosis. The aim of this study is to establish a simple measure of the host's propensity to secrete inflammatory cytokines and to correlate this with clinical status. Patients (n=44, median age 16 years) with the ΔF 508 mutation (homozygous) were grouped according...
Background: CXCL8 (previously known as Interleukin-8), a member of the α-chemokine family of chemotactic cytokines, stimulates intestinal neutrophil activation and chemotaxis. As intestinal epithelial cells have been recently shown to produce CXCL8, the aim of this study was to identify functional activities of CXCL8 on intestinal epithelial cells. Methods: The expression of CXCL8 receptors CXCR1...
Interleukin (IL)-8 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 are proangiogenic factors overexpressed in advanced human melanoma. We investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on IL-8 expression in the well-characterized A375 human melanoma system. We demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunoassay and Northern blot analysis that TGF-β1 selectively induced IL-8 expression, at both protein and mRNA levels, in highly...
Intestinal epithelial cells can be induced to secrete the chemokine interleukin (IL)-8 during inflammation. The PAR-2 receptor is believed to play a proinflammatory role and is expressed in gut epithelial cells. The aim was to investigate PAR-2 signaling in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells, with respect to chemokine secretion. Activation of PAR-2 by high concentrations of the synthetic activating...
With a short lifespan and containing only few ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum structures, neutrophils are thought to have a limited capacity for protein synthesis. We here show that peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are able react to stimulants with differential production of two interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) isoforms, secreted IL-1ra (sIL-1ra) and the 16kDa...
A satisfactory model describing the airway surface fluid (ASF) in the airways of persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) remains to be established due to theoretical challenges to both the “Hydration Hypothesis” and the “Salt Hypothesis.” Irrespective of these models, inhaled hypertonic saline is often used to facilitate clearance of inspissated secretions. Hypertonicity induces interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression,...
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common clinical disorder in younger infants and children and may result in permanent renal damage. The inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 play an important role in response to bacterial infection. This prospective study investigated the association between serum and urine IL-6 and IL-8 levels and acute pyelonephritis confirmed by 99m Tc-dimercaptosuccinic...
Introduction: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is regarded as one of the most important mediators in the pathogenesis of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). However, knowledge regarding the influence of genetic variations within the IL-8 gene either on the development of ARDS or on IL-8 production in the traumatic setting is sparse. Patients and methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients were...
Serum levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) are increased in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and correlate with disease severity. The present study was aimed at investigating serum IL-8 levels in relation to different levels of alcohol consumption. Serum IL-8 was measured in (a) 459 individuals randomly selected from the general adult population, including 221 alcohol abstainers, 140 light drinkers (1–140g/week),...
Porphyromonas gingivalis and Campylobacter rectus are two major bacterial species implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. P. gingivalis can antagonise the inflammatory response to other periodontal pathogens, a property commonly attributed to its lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of P. gingivalis to antagonise C. rectus induced cytokine stimulation...
Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a member of the CXC chemokine family, plays an important role in the modulation of multiple biological functions in endothelial cells containing the receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. It has previously been shown that IL-8 directly enhances endothelial cell survival, and stimulates the production of matrix metalloproteinases, which in turn regulates angiogenesis. However, its role in...
Animal models suggest that cytokines and chemokines play a role in cerebral malaria (CM) pathogenesis, but levels of a number of cytokines and chemokines thought to be important in the pathogenesis of other infectious diseases are not well characterized in children with CM. Serum levels of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), interleukin-8 (IL-8)...
The enhanced intestinal production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to inflammation and carcinogenesis, and therefore its down-regulation by nutrients could represent a promising therapeutic approach. We found for the first time that the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in intestinal epithelial cells stimulated by hydrogen peroxide or TNF-α was suppressed in the presence of carnosine (β-Ala-His),...
Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) is widely expressed in fetal tissues although inflammatory changes are not seen. Circulating IL-8 is comprised of an endothelial-derived [ala-IL-8] 77 isoform and another, more potent [ser-IL-8] 72 secreted by most other cells; [ala-IL-8] 77 can be converted into [ser-IL-8] 72 by proteolytic removal of an N-terminal pentapeptide from [ala-IL-8]...
Inflammatory mediators influence tumour progression. IL-8 has been shown to have pro-angiogenic, mitogenic and motogenic effects and several studies have demonstrated the expression of IL-8 by various human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Methods: The expression of IL-8 and IL-8 receptors was studied in 52 pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 52 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours using immunohistochemistry...
Previous studies suggested the relationship between interleukin (IL)-8 −251 A/T gene polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer (GC). However, the currently available results were not consistent. The present study aimed to quantitatively analyse this association using a meta-analysis. Published literature from PubMed, EMBASE and CNKI (China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database) were retrieved. Twelve...
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