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IL-7 is a cytokine, which regulates development, maintenance and proliferation of T lymphocytes within the human immune system. Production of IL-7 is observed in a sterile environment such as thymus or bone marrow. However, it is also known that intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) residing in close contact with numerous bacterial stimuli also produce IL-7. Here we show that secretion of IL-7 by IECs...
Several works in the setting of early experimental diabetic nephropathy using anti-inflammatory drugs, such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), have shown that prevention of the development or amelioration of renal injury including proteinuria. The exact mechanisms by which anti-inflammatory drugs lower the albuminuria have no still to clarify well. In this study, diabetes was induced by injection of...
Recent studies provided in vivo evidences of an increased angiogenesis in animal model of portal hypertension and cirrhosis which was linked to increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. The aim of study was to evaluate the plasma concentration of VEGF and its receptors in liver cirrhosis and the possible association with the degree of liver insufficiency. Methods. Vascular endothelial...
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine with broad spectrum of biological effects on target cells. This study deals with the mammalian expression of canine IL-4 (cIL-4) in canine articular chondrocytes (CAC) and its ability to down-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, enzyme mediators and their catabolites. We transfected cIL-4 in CAC which were then stimulated with canine recombinant IL-1β...
The proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is elevated in obese individuals and rodents and it is implicated in impaired insulin secretion, decreased cell proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. In this study we describe the therapeutic effects by an IL-1β antibody to improve glucose control in hyperglycemic mice with diet-induced obesity. After 13 weeks of treatment the...
Background: The observed elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its soluble receptor (sVEGFR1) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the serum of patients with various cancers have attracted much attention to the possibility of using these agents as biomarkers for cancers. We wanted to find out whether VEGF, VEGFR1 or cfDNA is a biomarker for breast cancer. Methods: In this study, we...
The amniotic fluid cytokine profile has been shown to be indicative of various disease states, and changes may be associated with preterm labor or infection. Anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles may be essential for successful normal pregnancy. However, there are currently few normative data on the concentration of cytokines in amniotic fluids during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to provide...
Opsoclonus–myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is an autoimmune, paraneoplastic, central nervous system disorder, characterized by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) B-cell expansion and various putative autoantibodies. To investigate the role of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in OMS and the effect of disease-modifying immunotherapies used to treat it, BAFF was measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay in the...
Aims: To investigate the role of gene variants and derived haplotypes of the STAT3 transcription factor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and their relation with the clinical disease severity. Patients and methods: 108 patients with NAFLD and different stages of clinical disease severity, and a group of 55 healthy individuals were included in a Hospital-based study. We selected 3 tagSNPs...
CC chemokine ligand (CCL)17 and CCL27 produced by epidermal keratinocytes (KCs) recruit CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4 and CCR10 expressing T cells into the skin, respectively, resulting in enhanced skin inflammation. However, CCR4/CCL17 and CCR10/CCL27 interactions in epidermal KCs have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the CCR4/CCL17 and CCR10/CCL27 loops...
Cytokines play an important role in the immune system, and abnormalities in their production have been found in many human diseases. Interleukin-21 (IL-21), a type I cytokine produced by activated T cells, has diverse effects on the immune system, but its ability to induce production of other cytokines is not well delineated. Furthermore, the signaling pathway underlying its action is poorly understood...
Aim: To explore the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced intestinal inflammatory response and gut barrier dysfunction in the mice. Methods: Wild-type Nrf2 (+/+) and Nrf2 (−/−)-deficient mice were subjected to a moderately severe weight-drop impact-acceleration head injury. We measured nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by electrophoretic mobility...
Cell migration is involved in diverse physiological processes including embryogenesis, immunity, and diseases such as cancer and chronic inflammatory disease. The movement of many cell types is directed by extracellular gradients of diffusible chemicals. This phenomenon, referred to as “chemotaxis”, was first described in 1888 by Leber who observed the movement of leukocytes toward sites of inflammation...
Skin exposure to high doses of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation generates a severe inflammatory skin response. In the present study we aim to investigate, using in vitro and in vivo models, the time-course of the inflammatory skin immune response after an acute exposure to UVB irradiation, as well as its modulation by a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment, naproxen. PGE ...
The chemokines RANTES (CCL5) and MCP-1 (CCL2) were suggested to contribute, independently, to breast malignancy. In the present study, we asked if the two chemokines are jointly expressed in clinical samples of breast cancer patients, and do they interact in breast tumor cells. We found that RANTES and MCP-1 were expressed by breast tumor cells in primary tumors of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and of...
Reducing tidal volume as a part of a protective ventilation strategy may result in hypercapnia. In this study, we focused on the influence of hypercapnia on endothelial–neutrophil responses in models of inflammatory-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC) and in an animal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury. Neutrophil adhesion and adhesion molecules...
We demonstrated that TNF-α suppressed differentiation and potentiated cell death induced by butyrate (NaBt) in both adenocarcinoma HT-29 and fetal FHC human colon cells in vitro. Since TNF-α is a typical activator of NF-κB pathway, we studied the role of NF-κB activation in cell differentiation and death during the TNF-α and NaBt co-treatment. TNF-α induced rapid NF-κB activation in both HT-29 and...
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been known to produce inflammatory modulators such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we examined the effects of nicotine on LPS enhanced NO synthesis and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in macrophages. LPS-induced NO synthesis and iNOS expression were significantly decreased by nicotine. To investigate the signaling...
Aim: Our objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in type 2 diabetes and its relationship with the insulin resistance, HbA 1c , CRP, and TNF-α levels. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, levels of OPG were determined in 50 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 59 control subjects without diabetes. The OPG levels between the groups...
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