Toxicology Letters

article

Mitochondrial proteomic alterations caused by long-term low-dose copper exposure in mouse cortex

Xuemei Lin, Gang Wei, Zhijun Huang, Zhongsen Qu, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 16-25

Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in neurotoxicity caused by exposure of various chemicals such as copper. However, the effects of long-term low-dose copper exposure on mitochondrial proteome remain unclear. In this study, we found the treatment of copper (0.13ppm copper sulfate in drinking water) for 12 months caused abnormal expression of a total of 13 mitochondrial proteins (7 up-regulated...

article

Prediction of pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters of a 4-phenylcoumarin isolated from geopropolis: In silico and in vitro approaches

Marcos Guilherme da Cunha, Gilson César Nobre Franco, Marcelo Franchin, John A. Beutler, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 6-10

In silico and in vitro methodologies have been used as important tools in the drug discovery process, including from natural sources. The aim of this study was to predict pharmacokinetic and toxicity (ADME/Tox) properties of a coumarin isolated from geopropolis using in silico and in vitro approaches. Cinnamoyloxy-mammeisin (CNM) isolated from Brazilian M. scutellaris geopropolis was evaluated for...

article

IFC continued (editorial board)

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > IFC

article

MicroRNA-877-5p is involved in the trovafloxacin-induced liver injury

Ryo Mitsugi, Tomoo Itoh, Ryoichi Fujiwara

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 34-43

Trovafloxacin develops severe hepatotoxicity; however, the underlying mechanism of the trovafloxacin-induced liver injury has not been cleared. It has been shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be involved in the development of drug-induced liver injuries. We performed a miRNA microarray analysis to identify hepatic miRNAs that were induced or reduced by trovafloxacin in mice. It was demonstrated that...

article

Interim relative potency factors for the toxicological risk assessment of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and herbal medicines

Karl-Heinz Merz, Dieter Schrenk

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 44-57

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are among the most potent natural toxins occurring in a broad spectrum of plant species from various families. Recently, findings of considerable contamination of teas/herbal infusions prepared from non-PA plants have been reported. These are obviously due to cross-contamination with minor amounts of PA plants and can affect both food and herbal medicines. Another source...

article

Cooling down the bath salts: Carvedilol attenuation of methylone and mephedrone mediated hyperthermia

Luke C. Zona, Gregory G. Grecco, Jon E. Sprague

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 11-15

The use of the synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”), methylone and mephedrone, has been associated with the development of life-threatening hyperthermia. To date, no direct pharmacological intervention to mitigate the hyperthermia induced by synthetic cathinones has been identified. Here, we investigated the effects of the non-selective α₁ and β adrenergic receptor antagonist carvedilol (5mg/kg ip)...

article

Kinetics of chemotaxis, cytokine, and chemokine release of NR8383 macrophages after exposure to inflammatory and inert granular insoluble particles

I. Schremmer, A. Brik, D.G. Weber, N. Rosenkranz, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 68-75

Accumulation of macrophages and neutrophil granulocytes in the lung are key events in the inflammatory response to inhaled particles. The present study aims at the time course of chemotaxis in vitro in response to the challenge of various biopersistent particles and its functional relation to the transcription of inflammatory mediators.NR8383 rat alveolar macrophages were challenged with particles...

article

p-Cresyl sulfate affects the oxidative burst, phagocytosis process, and antigen presentation of monocyte-derived macrophages

M.L.V. Azevedo, N.B. Bonan, G. Dias, F. Brehm, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 1-5

Immune system dysfunction is a common condition in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study investigated the effect of p-Cresyl sulfate (pCS) on human cell line U937 monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) activity. MDM (1×10⁶ cells/mL) were incubated with pCS (10, 25, or 50μg/mL), with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 25ng/mL) and then evaluated NO production, phagocytosis and antigen-presenting...

article

Toxicology and the reproducibility crisis: Scientific publishing, hazard assessment and risk characterization

Wolfgang Dekant

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 76-77

article

Effects of occupational exposure to poorly soluble forms of beryllium on biomarkers of pulmonary response in exhaled breath of workers in machining industries

Anca Radauceanu, Michel Grzebyk, Jean-Louis Edmé, Nathalie Chérot-Kornobis, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 26-33

To analyze the effects of occupational exposure to poorly soluble forms of beryllium (Be) on biomarkers of pulmonary inflammation using exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in workers employed in machining industries.Twenty machining operators were compared to 16 controls. The individual exposure to Be was assessed from the work history with several indices of exposure calculated on the basis of task-exposures...

article

Both cholestatic and steatotic drugs trigger extensive alterations in the mRNA level of biliary transporters in rat hepatocytes: Application to develop new predictive biomarkers for early drug development

M.Teresa Donato, Mireia López-Riera, José V. Castell, María J. Gómez-Lechón, more

Toxicology Letters > 2016 > 263 > C > 58-67

Disruption of the vectorial bile acid transport in the liver is a key feature of cholestatic drugs, although many causal and mechanistic aspects are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore if cholestatic drugs can repress or induce the expression of hepatic transporters. To this end, sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with cholestatic and non-cholestatic (steatotic,...

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Toxicology Letters

Mitochondrial proteomic alterations caused by long-term low-dose copper exposure in mouse cortex

Prediction of pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters of a 4-phenylcoumarin isolated from geopropolis: In silico and in vitro approaches

IFC continued (editorial board)

MicroRNA-877-5p is involved in the trovafloxacin-induced liver injury

Interim relative potency factors for the toxicological risk assessment of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in food and herbal medicines

Cooling down the bath salts: Carvedilol attenuation of methylone and mephedrone mediated hyperthermia

Kinetics of chemotaxis, cytokine, and chemokine release of NR8383 macrophages after exposure to inflammatory and inert granular insoluble particles

p-Cresyl sulfate affects the oxidative burst, phagocytosis process, and antigen presentation of monocyte-derived macrophages

Toxicology and the reproducibility crisis: Scientific publishing, hazard assessment and risk characterization

Effects of occupational exposure to poorly soluble forms of beryllium on biomarkers of pulmonary response in exhaled breath of workers in machining industries

Both cholestatic and steatotic drugs trigger extensive alterations in the mRNA level of biliary transporters in rat hepatocytes: Application to develop new predictive biomarkers for early drug development

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