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Glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized onto modified polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microspheres by covalent bonding. Monosize PMMA microbeads with 1.5 μm diameter were produced by dispersion polymerization of methylmethacrylate by using polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. Hydroxyl groups on the microbeads were first converted to aldehyde groups by periodate oxidation. Three amino compounds, namely ammonium...
Realistic mathematical models are essential for the scaling-up or the design of biofilters. However, the mathematical models which describe the steady-state and the transient operation of biofilters are very limited. Although some of these models are based on restrictive assumptions, they have been widely used in industry for designing actual biofilter units. This study gives detailed analysis and...
A new method is proposed to evaluate kinetic parameters and mass transfer coefficients for adsorption processes carried out in continuous stirred tank reactors. This method, employing a biphasic model, does not linearize nonlinear solute concentration versus time data, nor does it assume the existence of equilibrium in a typical nonequilibrium situation as is currently done. For a nonlinear adsorption...
On the basis of the theory of affinity it is shown that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titres cannot increase as a result of proteolysis when all the antibody proteolytic fragments have approximately the same association constants as the intact antibody for the reaction with the antigen and with the enzyme-conjugated antibody. This finding was experimentally confirmed by proteolysis experiments...
Colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) were first reported by Sebba (J. Colloid Interface Sci., 35 (4) (1971) 643) as micro bubbles (10–100 μm), composed of a gaseous inner core surrounded by a thin surfactant film, which are created by intense stirring of a surfactant solution. Since then, these colloidal dispersions have been used for diverse applications (clarification of suspensions, removal of sulphur...
Small diameter hydrocyclones have had an increasing use in performing difficult separations between phases, due to the large centrifugal forces generated in them. The potential use of hydrocyclones in the concentration of microbial suspensions is attractive as they are continuous, high capacity devices requiring low maintenance while having the additional benefit in that they can be readily sterilised...
Sinapine, a choline ester of sinapic acid and a main component of the phenolic fraction of rapeseed meals, was enzymatically transformed by an enzyme secreted by a white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. A model based on the Theorell-Chance Bi-Bi mechanism that describes the effect of pH, temperature, substrates and enzyme concentrations on the initial reaction rate was developed. The model parameters...
In this study, Cu II adsorption by Z. ramigera immobilized on Ca-alginate was investigated in a packed bed column test circuit using a stimulus-response technique. The mathematical model was described and solved using “parameter estimation by cybernetic moment technique”, and the adsorption rate constant of Cu II ions on Z. ramigera immobilized on Ca-alginate was calculated. The Péclet...
A simple algorithm for solving the hollow-fiber bioreactor design equations has been presented. This algorithm is quite general and is applicable to any nonlinear reaction occurring in the reactor spongy matrix. This can also be applied to other reactor types having similar configurations, like the wall-coated enzyme reactors.
The present work deals with modelling of anaerobic metabolism in a stratified biofilm consisting of two distinct layers of microorganisms in a fixed film reactor. The model is applied to steady state conditions and is based on substrate utilization kinetics and mass transport. The model assumes that the substrate is first metabolized by the outer acidogenic layer and the subsequent products are metabolized...
The mathematical model previously developed in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University for the metal uptake by living algal cells has been revised to take into account the actual surface area through which transfer occurs. Cadmium uptake data obtained using the three algal species Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were able to be fitted satisfactorily...
Equilibrium studies on the extraction of lactic acid from aqueous solutions with tri-n-octylamine (TOA) in xylene were made in the temperature range 293–323 K. The formulation of the extracted species in the organic phase and the corresponding equilibrium constants were numerically determined at different temperatures. Also, the apparent thermodynamic functions were calculated. Finally, the effect...
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