A change in the angle of deviation is often used to monitor the change in severity of intermittent exotropia over time; nevertheless, thresholds for a clinically significant change in angle have not been determined. We analyzed variability associated with test–retest differences and short-term variability in the condition, to provide thresholds for assessing clinically significant, long-term change in angle of intermittent exotropia.Twenty-six children with intermittent exotropia (median age, 7; range, 1-13 years) underwent repeat prism and alternate cover test measures during 3 or 4 examinations (2 hours apart) over the course of a day; 95% repeatability coefficients were derived to determine test–retest differences at distance and near fixation.Derived 95% repeatability coefficients at distance were 3.4 Δ (95% CI, 0.7 Δ -6.2 Δ ) for angles ≤20 Δ and 7.2 Δ (95% CI, 4.4 Δ -9.9 Δ ) for angles >20 Δ ; at near, 6.6 Δ (95% CI, 3.7 Δ -9.6 Δ ) for angles ≤20 Δ and 12.8 Δ (95% CI, 5.3 Δ -20.3 Δ ) for angles >20 Δ .Test–retest reliability data in this study provide thresholds to help determine clinically significant change in angle of strabismus in children with intermittent exotropia. These data should facilitate evidence-based assessment of long-term change in intermittent exotropia over time.