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Water and lubricants interaction though not desirable but it is unavoidable. Water amplifies the corrosion at the lubricated contacts however its influence on the tribology of fuels, oils and greases is not clear, yet. Here, we have used the testing methods like Four Ball Tester (ASTM D2266, D2596) and Low Temperature Torque Tester (ASTM D1478) to investigate the effect of water on calcium sulfonate...
In daily life, human skin often rubs against external surfaces, causing irritations and friction injuries. Cutaneous irritation is linked to the wear of the Stratum Corneum (SC). The aim of the study is to evaluate the degradation of the SC after repeated friction with two tissues of different softnesses.An in vivo tribometer has been developed to subject the skin's surface to controlled damage. In...
In field tests, a boric acid based fuel additive has led to reduced fuel consumption. The reduction was substantial, an average of 6 and 10% in passenger cars and diesel generators respectively. Aiming towards improved understanding of mechanisms behind the fuel saving, three methods to mimic the effect of the additive in the piston-ring/cylinder contact have been evaluated. A reciprocating cylinder/flat...
During producing silicon surface and fabricating silicon devices, the machining, cutting and milling from nanoscale to macroscale are accomplished with friction and wear under single- and multiple-asperity contact. In the present study, the scratch tests on silicon surface under single- and multiple-asperity contact were contrastively investigated, and the transition and correlation between different...
The high speed machining of Inconel 718 represents a significant challenge. This is attributed to the excessive heat generated during the chip formation process, which elevates the cutting tool temperature and accelerates tool wear. The heat generated can shorten the tool life and lead to dimensional inaccuracies. In severe cases, this circumstance can result in product damage. During the milling...
The anisotropic removal behavior of single crystal calcium fluoride (CaF2) severely restricts the improvement of surface quality in ultra-precision machining. In this study, the anisotropic mechanical removal of CaF2 material was investigated quantitatively along various crystal orientations on CaF2(111), (110), and (001) surfaces by a conical diamond tip. With the increase of load, the wear of CaF...
Due to the complex influence of elevated temperatures on the characteristics of a tribological system, severe high temperature sliding abrasion of single phase metals is a unique type of wear. The mechanisms of high temperature sliding abrasion (indentation and grooving of metallic surfaces) are strongly governed by the temperature-dependent interaction between the bulk metal and the abrasive during...
Erosive wear due to solid particle impacts is a significant challenge in process industries, especially for oil and gas industries where multiphase flow with the presence of solid particles conveyed by the fluid is very common. Solid particle erosion is a complex phenomenon with multiple factors contributing to its severity. Based on available studies in the literature, mechanistic and empirical erosion...
In the present study, systematic additions of tungsten (up to 10.3wt%) and their effects on the microstructure, hardness, microhardness, and abrasive wear of 17%-Cr white iron was analyzed. Six high-chromium iron alloys with different tungsten additions were melted in an open induction furnace and cast into sand molds to obtain 50-mm×25-mm cross-sectional bars. The alloys were characterized by optical...
Nanoparticles have been recently explored as lubricant additives for improving tribological performance of metal-forming tools. Halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) are naturally-occurring, low-cost, and non-toxic nanoparticles, making them attractive as green lubricant additives. In this study, HNTs were dispersed at varying concentrations (0.01, 0.05, and 0.10wt%) within a polymeric lubricant for metal-forming...
In Friction Stir Welding (FSW), interactions between the plasticized stirred material and the tool significantly affect resulting weld properties. When welding metals with high strength and melting point, the tribological load on the tool is severe, and poses the main limiting factor for the technology's industrial exploitation. Since tool materials are loaded to their limits, it is essential to understand...
CFRP/Ti stacks have become a viable alternative to conventional composite laminates and metal alloys in various aerospace applications because of their enhanced mechanical properties and improved structural functions. Machining these multilayer stacks with acceptable quality still remains a great challenge for the modern manufacturing sectors due to the ineffective management of the tool wear performance...
The idea of carbide-free bainitic (CFB) microstructure, a mixture of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite (RA), in high-silicon steels has been recently thoroughly investigated by numerous researchers. In this research, two medium-carbon steel grades were tested in a wear tumbling machine to investigate microstructural changes under wet sliding abrasive wear conditions and to benchmark their performance...
Lubricating oil plays a vital role in the full life-span performance of the machine. Lubricating oil deterioration, which leads to the attenuation of oil performance and severe wear afterwards, is a slow degrading process, which can be observed by condition monitoring, but the actual degree of the oil degradation is often very difficult to examine. The main purpose of lubricating oil degradation prediction...
Piston skirt coatings are used in heavy-duty diesel engines for reduction of friction, noise, and scuffing. This study explored the friction and wear behavior of two piston skirt coatings, a polymer-graphite composite coating with a manganese phosphate (Mn-P) interlayer and a standalone Mn-P coating, in API CJ-4 and candidate PC-11 (CK-4 and FA-4) diesel engine oils. Two test configurations were used:...
Expanded austenite (γN), or S-phase, is a special phase of low-temperature nitrided austenite containing highly super-saturated nitrogen in the form of heterogeneous Cr-N nano-clusters. A nitrided layer of singe phase γN is known to provide austenitic stainless steel with combined high hardness, good wear resistance and superior corrosion resistance. This paper reports recent experiments on a comparative...
Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of rail is a significant factor affecting the maintenance and service safety of railway track. While the driving parameters are known, clearer relationships are needed with fatigue life. The objective of this study was to explore the role of slip ratio in the development of RCF cracks and fatigue life of rail materials under a water lubricated condition. The results indicate...
High interstitial austenitic stainless steels have been shown to exhibit superior mechanical properties, which include a unique combination of high strength and high toughness, due to the positive effects of the combination of carbon and nitrogen in solid solution. By the addition of molybdenum, a significant improvement of their localized corrosion resistance has been achieved. Further strengthening...
A physical model of adhesive wear mechanism needs to be improved from quantitative aspect as possible to predict phenomena in the real world. The model should also be able to provide necessary information for the design of tribo-mechanics in logical manner. In this research, an attempt on explaining how saw teeth shape in the chart of specimen displacement perpendicular to the sliding surface for...
This study investigates the corrosive wear behaviour of single and double layer Stellite 6 (UNS R30006) weld claddings and the effectiveness of nitriding on their erosion-corrosion resistance. Tests were conducted by utilising an impinging slurry jet. The slurry consisted of 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution which contained 500µm spherical silica sand with a concentration of 2.4g/l. The velocity of the jet...
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