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In this work we investigate the possible reduction of the measuring length L t for the assessment of the waviness of steel sheet. Different parameters and filter techniques are compared regarding their behaviour as a function of L t . Application of a standard Gauss filter leads to inaccurate results, even in case of sufficiently large values of L t , by the introduction of...
The atomic force microscope (AFM) increasingly being used as a metrology tool in the semiconductor industry where the features measured are at the nanometer level and continue to decrease. Usually the height sensors of the AFM are calibrated using step height specimens ranging from 8nm to a few μm, however there are no calibration standards at the sub-nanometer level. Recently we have explored the...
The goal of this work is limited in the evolution of the superficial state in knee prosthesis. It is presented a 3D analysis in their topography, in order to optimize a manufacturing process. The material employed is alloy base cobalt. Its percentage minimum in weight is: 26.5% Cr, 4.5% Mo and the balance is cobalt.In attention to the complex form of the prosthesis, until now has been utilised a finishing...
A method for characterizing machined surface textures corresponding to varying cutting conditions, which lead to differing profile shapes, is presented here. Through a proper multi-parameter analysis carried out on turned steel specimens, it is indicated that statistical functions and parameters are the most effective towards relative discrimination and control.
Nanoscale positioning of table is frequently required for industrial applications and there have been developed many positioning methods. However, there are still left a lot of problems to be investigated related to dynamic range, accuracy fluctuating by thermal expansion, physical vibration and so on. In this study, using the tangential micro-displacement characteristics between the contact surfaces...
The continued globalisation of the automotive industry, leading to increasing demands for competitiveness and escalating legislative requirements, is the main driving force of research activities of steel sheet surfaces. Recent studies on the stamping process have been carried out among others within AUTOsurf, a project funded by the European Community, and by Wihlborg and Crafoord. The purpose of...
Surface lay describes the direction of the predominant surface pattern. A properly designed surface texture configuration has been recognised as a vital issue affecting lubrication and sliding in machinery applications in the literature. Gaining understanding of this tribological phenomenon is no doubt beneficial in facilitating the production of more efficient machine parts and thus reduces production...
In this paper, the non-causal 2D AR model was proposed as a new method for generation of reference data of the 3D surface texture. Specification parameters to engender various topographical properties were the correlation distances in the x and y directions, the power index which determined the decaying pattern of the auto-correlation function, the root mean deviation, the skewness and the kurtosis...
The surface summits and their waviness envelope constitute the boundary surface of contact area during the tribological life of solids. The form, scale and orientation of the three-dimensional motifs play an important role on flatness behaviour of engineered surfaces, contact mechanics, adherence, friction, lubrication and leakage problems. The basic idea of this work considers that the three-dimensional...
This paper investigates wavelet theory and techniques for the extraction of morphological structures from micro/nano scalar surfaces. It will significantly extend the authors’ previous accomplishments in the programme (EU: SMT CT98-2209). This previous work identified problems in the extraction of morphological structures that requires further study. Under a new EPSRC found project, the present work...
The wear interaction between piston ring and piston groove in a radial piston hydraulic motor was studied in regard to mass loss and changes in form and surface roughness. A specially developed test rig that simulates the tilting movements of pistons at the end of strokes was used in the test. The results show that wear on the piston ring groove can be up to 10 times greater than the wear on the piston...
The main functional demands on artificial joints are that they last more than 20 years. This means optimising the friction coefficient to minimise forces transmitted to the surrounding bone and the wear of the contacting surfaces.Surface roughness has an important influence on friction and wear. Traditionally, the 2D Ra-parameter has been the preferred way to characterise the joint's topography.Today...
This paper highlights some of the reasons that surface topography measurements can have an ill-defined traceability route. Whereas the most common instruments on the shop floor are two-dimensional (2D) or profiling systems, there is a clear industrial trend towards three-dimensional (3D) surface topography instruments. Currently, there is no clear traceability route for three-dimensional measurements,...
This paper presents the development of an Internet-based surface metrology algorithm testing system. The system includes peer-reviewed surface analysis tools and a surface texture specimen database for parameter evaluation and algorithm verification. The system runs from a web site at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA. Companies, universities, and instrument manufacturers...
The practice of surface metrology in the industry today has not advanced beyond simple parameter computation and tolerance verification. While surface texture measurements are intended to aid in process diagnostics or functional prediction, it is currently mostly used only as a go–no go gage for specification compliance. A primary reason for this is the lack of availability of tools and techniques...
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