Purpose: The aim of the present study were to determine the effect of chronic microwave radiation on the rat sperm count and morphology.Methods: Adult male spraque dawley rats were irradiated for 1h a day(1 h/day)to continous wave microwave radiation (9450 MHz)at a mean specific absorbed dose rate of 1.80W/kg during 13,26,39 and 52 days. On the day following exposure, rats were sacrificed. Epididymal sperm count, sperm morphology and net mass of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles and prostat were determined. These parameters were compared with sham groups.Results: In this study, epididymal sperm count decreased significantly only in 52 day exposure group (P[lt ]0.05). The percent of anormal sperm form were found statistically significant 26,39 and 52 day exposure group(P[lt ]0.05,P[lt ]0.05,P[lt ]0.001). The weights of testes and the epididymides were found to change significantly for 26, 39 and 52 day exposure groups (P[lt ]0.05, P[lt ]0.05, P[lt ]0.05).Conclusions: We have concluded that chronic long period microwave radiation can affect rat epididymal sperm count, sperm morphology and weights of testes, epididymides.