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A melon (Cucumis melo LC.) pulp concentrate (MPC) rich in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was tested for its ability to decrease stress protein expressions along the gastrointestinal tract in a swine model.Pig sextuplets weaned at 21 d of age were selected from among six litters (n = 36). After a 2-d fasting period, the pigs were fed at similar levels of intake of the control, MPC1, and MPC2 diets,...
The modified Atkins diet is a therapeutic option for children with intractable epilepsy. It is less restrictive than the traditional ketogenic diet, with ∼60% of calories from fat sources. We describe a 6-y-old boy with intractable epilepsy treated with the modified Atkins diet who presented to the emergency department with first-time anaphylactic reaction to egg. Symptoms of urticaria and angioedema,...
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide; however, its diagnosis is often delayed. Identifying patients with abnormal fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels preoperatively may have important implications for immediate and long-term outcomes. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and provisional diagnosis of DM (PDD) with potential...
This study aimed to determine the influence of high-dose soy isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) administered from prenatal life to sexual maturity on testosterone and estradiol levels, testicular and epididymal morphology, the number of epididymal spermatozoa, and mineral metabolism in rats.Pregnant Wistar rats received orally soy isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein at a dose of 200 mg/kg of body...
To examine differences in meal-induced thermogenesis and macronutrient oxidation between lean and obese women after consumption of two different isocaloric meals, one rich in carbohydrate (CHO) and one rich in fat.A total of 19 lean and 22 obese women were studied on two occasions, 1 wk apart. In one visit they consumed a CHO-rich meal and in the other visit a fat-rich meal. The two meals were isocaloric...
To investigate the frequency of energy-drink consumption and associated factors in a group of college students.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hacettepe University (Ankara, Turkey) and included 439 students pursuing a career in medicine, sports, and arts. Only fourth-year students were approached. Data were collected using a self-administered standard questionnaire.In bivariate analyses,...
The effects of fish oil including ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on aging and lifespan are not well understood. In this study, the influence of long-term ingestion of fish oil on lifespan was examined in senescence-accelerated (SAMP8) mice.We investigated the effects of dietary fish oil on lifespan and on lipid composition and oxidative stress in plasma and liver in SAMP8 mice. Male mice were fed...
Hyperglycemia is common in acutely ill hospitalized patients and has been linked to poor outcomes, independent of pre-existing diabetes. Correction of hyperglycemia has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality; however, establishing evidence-based guidelines has been challenging because insulin intervention studies have varied in the questions they have addressed, glucose levels studied, feeding...
To validate an integrated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed to assess habitual food intake of Flemish and Italian-native subjects in Belgium as part of the European Collaborative Dietary Habit Profile in European Communities With Different Risk of Myocardial Infarction: the Impact of Migration as a Model of Gene/Environment Interaction (IMMIDIET Project).The semiquantitative FFQ contained...
Previously, 4 mo of a blueberry-enriched (BB) antioxidant diet prevented impaired object recognition memory in aging rats. Experiment 1 determined whether 1- and 2-mo BB diets would have a similar effect and whether the benefits would disappear promptly after terminating the diets. Experiment 2 determined whether a 1-mo BB diet could subsequently reverse existing object memory impairment in aging...
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease in adulthood. Postnatal overnutrition after IUGR may be of pathogenic importance for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study was to identify the effects of IUGR and a postnatal high-protein diet on the kidneys in adult rats.Intrauterine growth restriction was induced in Sprague-Dawley...
We verified the hypothesis that the consumption of polyphenol concentrate (PC), rich in quercetin and its glycosides (36 g/100 g), in association with different dietary fiber matrices, that is, an easily fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or non-fermentable cellulose (CEL), causes a disparate adaptive response of the cecal microbial activity in rats. This in turn facilitates further utilization...
This study evaluated the association between primary DNA damage and chromosomal damage with iron intake and red blood cell parameters of iron status in a sample of healthy children and adolescents from a low-socioeconomic community.The level of primary DNA damage was assessed using an alkaline comet assay and the level of chromosomal damage was assessed using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay...
Subjective global assessment (SGA) is useful for screening malnourished patients with several diseases, although it has been indicated to underestimate nutritional status for patients with liver disease. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of SGA as a nutritional screening tool for patients with liver disease, compared to patients with gastroenterological disease, without...
This study assessed effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) supplementation on fecal bifidobacteria, lipid peroxidation index, indices of nutritional status, and whether effects of FOS were sustained after its withdrawal in constipated nursing-home residents. The associations of fecal bifidobacteria and blood measurements were also examined.Six men and four women participated in a double-blind, diet-controlled...
Leptin was discovered in 1994 as a hormone produced by adipose tissue with a modulatory effect on feeding behavior and weight control. Recently, the stomach has been identified as an important source of leptin and growing evidence has shown diverse functions for leptin in the gastrointestinal tract.Using leptin as a keyword in PubMed, more than 17 000 articles were identified, of which more than 500...
Acrylamide (ACR), a proven rodent carcinogen, is present at significantly high quantities in commonly consumed foods such as potato chips, raising a health concern worldwide.The effects of ACR and fried potato chips (FPC) on pregnant mice and their offspring before and after birth were investigated and compared.In the pregnant mice, similar histologic abnormalities were found in various tissues for...
The effects of certain tea components on the prevention of obesity in humans have recently been reported, although it is still unclear whether black tea consumption is beneficial. We obtained black tea extract (BTPE) consisting of polyphenols specific to black tea, and from it, prepared a polymerized polyphenol fraction (BTP). The effectiveness of oral administration of the BTPE was examined in in...
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