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The mechanism for the development of vitamin D deficiency in patients with malabsorption remains unclear. We wished to examine the hypothesis that one factor was a reduced skin content of 7-dehydrocholesterol, the precursor for the formation of vitamin D in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. We measured 7-dehydrocholesterol in skin samples from 9 patients who had previously had vitamin D deficiency...
Three cases of young women who developed severe vertebral osteoporosis after pregnancy and during lactation are described. These patients shared several features: a low-calcium diet during most of their lives, very-low body weight in two patients, and a positive family history of osteoporosis in two patients. Initial studies disclosed vertebral fractures, severely diminished bone mineral density of...
OBJECTIVES: We investigated the amount and sources of vitamin D in the Japanese diet by analyzing diet records collected over a 4-mo period.METHODS: Dietary data for this study were provided by a nursing home in Niigata, Japan. Diet records, written by the nursing home's dietitian, for 122 consecutive days between September and December 1999, were used. The amount of food for an individual was weighed...
Low energy intake, low calcium intake, low plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D or low calcitriol levels, and high salt intake might support the development of space osteoporosis. Therefore, my colleagues and I monitored the daily energy and calcium intakes in eight astronauts during their respective space missions (Spacelab D2, Euromir 94, Euromir 95). In most of these astronauts, energy intake was reduced...
We investigated vitamin D status in institutionalized elderly subjects by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and its association with season and other factors: age, gender, nutritional status, cognitive function, functional ability, dietary intake, vitamin D supplement consumption, and disease.The cross-sectional study included 86 subjects, 65–94 y of age (29 men and 57 women), who lived...
We investigated the effects of vitamin D treatment on plasma glucose, serum insulin, and insulin sensitivity in vitamin D–deficient individuals without diabetes mellitus.Thirty-three adults with vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≤50 nmol/L) and without diabetes (12 with impaired glucose tolerance) were given two oral doses of 100 000 IU of cholecalciferol, 2 wk apart...
The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies in patients who present for bariatric surgery, assess nutritional status after surgery, and compare these with preoperative levels.A retrospective study was conducted to identify preoperative and 1-year postoperative nutrition deficiencies in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The screening included serum ferritin,...
To determine whether moderate alcohol intake modifies the association between low vitamin D levels and insulin resistance (IR), we hypothesized that moderate alcohol intake would have a modifying effect on IR in people with low vitamin D levels.This was a cross-sectional analysis of subjects ≥20 y old without a history of diabetes, coronary heart disease, or stroke in the National Health and Nutrition...
Recent evidence has suggested a role for vitamin D in breast cancer prevention and survival. Studies have reported an inverse relation between vitamin D intake and the risk of breast cancer, improvements in survival after a diagnosis of breast cancer in women with higher levels of vitamin D, and vitamin D insufficiency in up to 75% of women with breast cancer. Preclinical data have indicated that...
The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D varies in different countries. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess vitamin D status and bone health in elderly women in Thailand, which is situated near the equator.This cross-sectional study was performed in 446 healthy women aged 60–97 y.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was 67.6 ± 15.7 (mean ± SD) nmol/L. Daily calcium intake was 309.5 ± 147...
Accumulating data support that vitamin D possesses several biological and molecular actions apart from its role in calcium homeostasis. Immune cells express vitamin D receptor and are capable of metabolizing vitamin D. Within this context, experimental studies show that vitamin D modulates immune and inflammatory responses. Epidemiologic evidence linking poor vitamin D status to autoimmune diseases,...
Hypovitaminosis C and D are highly prevalent in acutely hospitalized patients, but the clinical significance of these biochemical abnormalities is not known. Because deficiencies of vitamin C and D have been linked to psychologic abnormalities, vitamin C or D provision could improve the mood state of acutely hospitalized patients.Double-blind clinical trial of the effect of vitamin C (500 mg twice...
To assess the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) status and obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in ethnic minorities.Databases searched were CINHAL with full text, Global Health, MEDLINE with full text, and PsycINFO from 1980 through 2010 (February). Studies were included if they 1) targeted immigrants from low- to high-income...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory process in the digestive tract and patients with IBD develop osteopenia. Although vitamins K and D are important for maintaining bone health and inhibiting inflammation, their roles in patients with IBD are not clear. We investigated the roles of vitamins K and D in the bone health and inflammation in patients with IBD.Bone mineral density...
Predictors of bone loss in elderly Asian women have been unclear. This cohort study aimed to assess lifestyle, nutritional, and biochemical predictors of bone loss in elderly Japanese women.Subjects included 389 community-dwelling women aged 69 y and older from the Muramatsu cohort initiated in 2003; follow-up ended in 2009. We obtained data on physical characteristics, osteoporosis treatment (with...
The safety of daily consumption of vitamin D was examined. A detailed literature search was conducted using the search term vitamin D; primary and secondary sources of original data and meta-analyses and systematic reviews were evaluated and summarized. A large body of scientific evidence demonstrates that long-term daily intakes of 600 to 800 IU of vitamin D are insufficient to achieve and sustain...
Deficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality. 25(OH)D deficiency and stroke are more prevalent in blacks. We examined whether low 25(OH)D contributes to the excess risk of fatal stroke in blacks compared with whites.The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a probability sample of U.S. civilians, measured 25(OH)D...
Vitamin D deficiency, diagnosed when the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD3) concentration is less than 20 ng/mL, has joined vitamin A deficiency as two of the most common nutrition-responsive medical conditions worldwide. There have been more scientific articles published about vitamin D in the 21st century than about any other vitamin, reflecting the massive expansion of the field of vitamin D research...
The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D status in preschool and school-age children in Mexico.25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) serum concentrations were measured using a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay commercial kit in a nationally representative sample of 1025 Mexican children ages 2 y to 12 y who participated in the 2006 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey.Mean serum 25-OH-D...
Recent accumulating evidence shows that vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in individuals with AD and PD. The purpose of the present study is to perform a meta-analysis on the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in this population of patients.We searched all articles in English published up to March 2012 concerning the 25(OH)D level in AD and PD patients. For AD, six studies covering 319 patients...
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