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As an introduction to this special issue on urban heat islands and cool communities, this paper reviews some of the characteristics of urban climates and the causes and effects of urban heat islands. In particular, the impacts of surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic heating on the near-surface climate are discussed. Numerical simulations and field measurements indicate that increasing...
This article starts with an overview of the principles of tertiary building control, and some basic points on the application of fuzzy logic to this problem. After a presentation of the TRNSYS simulation program, two new modules are described. The first of these, the TYPE 70, uses a simplified model of a building, based on an electrical analogy. It sets out the heat balance of a thermally homogenous...
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