Referring to the transformations and social conditions that affect also the field of adult education, this text raises the following questions: By what conceptual tools, in the current postmodern context, can adult education develop its issues? What does it mean today to be an adult learner? In what form of education?The text analyzes the challenges that may influence the practice of education and indicates development proposals. The transformations concern the reconfiguration in the field of education and the meanings that are commonly assigned to it.