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The purpose of this paper is to provide a method for mathematical modelling of martial arts and combat sports with the use of motion capture. The paper employs mathematical and computerised methods to analyse the movement dynamics in sports karate. Movement dynamics is one of the basic components of evaluating the sports level of a sports fighter (competitor). Modern computer technologies enable recording...
Recent developments in the theorization of learning reflect a degree of frustration with the limitations of Western dualism and, in particular, with its separation of mind from body. These include the appropriation of the Buddhist concept of mindfulness in Positive Psychology and the concept of flow that has been applied to thinking about athlete performance in sport. This article follows on from...
This article presents a sociological approach to the study of martial arts in Spanish society. With few exceptions, martial arts have not received much attention from Spanish social scientists. After carrying out a historical contextualization of the emergence and evolution of martial arts, specifically judo, karate and taekwondo, the study offers a sociological analysis of the practice of these martial...
Background. The Humanistic Theory of Martial Arts and the history of physical culture together constitute the theoretical framework for this research. Aims and Objectives. The objective is an explanation of the educational and other values of the Zendo karate style (in terms of its technical structure, curriculum and humanistic content) and their role in its evolution. Methods. A qualitative study...
Aim and Objectives: The aim is to test three hypotheses. The first one reads: practising different styles of karate, with different rules of kumite, differentiates competing athletes in terms of aggressiveness. The second hypothesis postulates that: the culture of karate or other sport has an impact on the level of aggressiveness of kumite practitioners. The last hypothesis is that: the more brutal...
Problem and Aim. Apart from delineating the borderline between the following terms; “martial art”, “budo”, “combat sport” and “fighting art”, this paper covers the main motives and factors for practicing karate in different countries. It attempts to distinguish the main trends based on the outputs of various sociological theories and studies. Method. This study relies strongly on reflections that...
Background. There is limited knowledge on structure of performance in top-level karate kata competition. Problem and aim. The main goal of the study is to describe the type and frequency of performed katas at the Karate 1 competition and to analyse if different kata have different chances of resulting successfully in top level karate competition. Methods. All performed katas during eight Karate 1...
Background. Oyama Karate is a full contact style of karate that originated in 1983, and based on Japanese Kyokushin. The creator of this style was Shigeru Oyama, co-founder of the World Kyokushinkai Organization (01.10.1963). The beginnings of Oyama Karate in Poland date to 29th September 1991. The Oyama Sports Club in Rzeszow (KSOR) was created as the Oyama Karate Club in Rzeszow in 1993. The club’s...
Background. As a scientific framework we have chosen, on the one hand, the holistic anthropology of martial arts within the sphere of humanistic values, and on the other, the traditionally-understood theory of attitudes with its components of knowledge, emotions and behaviors. Problem. The problem of the attitude of members of the Polish national team in the cadet age category, to karate, as well...
Background. The psychological skills of athletes have an important role in the achievement of art sports. However, there has been no scientific formation regarding the psychological skills of Indonesian pencak silat martial arts and karate athletes competing in the 2018 Asian Games Aim. The aim of this research was to compare the psychological skills of Indonesian pencak silat martial arts and karate...
Background. The broad humanistic and socio-cultural theoretical perspectives applied in this study provide a foundation for the Humanistic Theory of Martial Arts, the General Theory of Fighting Arts, and a philosophical-anthropological approach to martial arts. Hence, conceptual language has been adopted for this investigation. Problem. The aim is to assess and identify the ethical values and axiology...
Background. Karate is a combat sport in which, as in all sports, there are risk factors that lead to injuries to its practitioners. Problem and Aim. Little is known about injuries in Portuguese karateka. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the type and incidence of injury in both female and male Portuguese karate practitioners. Material and Methods. The sample was composed of 490 karate...
Background and Study Aim. Early specialisation does not guarantee later competitive success. Development of general motor skills appears to be the key factor in achieving maximum success in sports at an older age. To prevent burn-out and early specialisation, the Slovak Karate Union introduced a new competition discipline – the Karate Agility Course (KAC), where young karateka apply their fundamental...
Background. Since the beginning of the 2010s, the Okinawan Government has been making significant efforts to develop, profes-sionalize, and promote karate tourism in Okinawa, since this is known to be an essential sector for the island’s economy.Problem and aim. A systematized study into the nature of karate tourism in Okinawa has so far not been conducted. This article offers a comprehensive overview...
Background. Kiai is a breathing technique, usually related to a short scream that aims to focus the martial artist’s energy in a given attack. However, the influence of kiai in the technical and physical aspects related to striking performance needs more evidence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kiai in the performance of vertical jumps, and reaction time (RT) for...
Background. A year and a half before karate was scheduled to make its debut appearance in the Olympics in 2020, the World Karate Federation (WKF) elected to change its judging system for kata to a point-based system reminiscent of other Olympic sports. Problem and aim. This paper analyzes data collected from WKF tournaments over the first year of the adoption of the new karate judging system to evaluate...
Background. The new kata competition rules were implemented in 2019 with a one-year transition period. Problem and aim. The main goal of the study is to describe the selection and successfulness of selected types of kata performed at the 2021 WKF top-level karate competitions. The secondary goal is to find out if there is an association between gender and the kata selection, and differences in kata...
Background. Research is needed to better understand the color of uniform and its underlying effects in sports, in order to achieve fairness and equal opportunities for athletes. Problem and aim. In studies where the impact of the color of athletes’ equipment on the outcome of matches has been investigated,the results have varied. The aim of this study was to investigate if the color of the protective...
Background. Kinanthropometry in karate athletes (KT) can offer advantages over maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) during consecutive matches in competitions. Problem and Aim. To analyze the association of the kinanthropometric profile with the VO2max of KT of different competitive levels, as well as to compare the kinanthropometric profile and the performance of VO2max between athletes of different...
Problem and Method. On the one hand, this is a factsheet and a case study. On the other hand, it is an exchange of opinions and a review of them – a review article. It concerns the recent history of martial arts We draw on the practical experience, knowledge and statements of one of the highest-ranking masters with great experience in several types of martial arts. We quote and analyze his and others’...
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