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Problem and Aim. Apart from delineating the borderline between the following terms; “martial art”, “budo”, “combat sport” and “fighting art”, this paper covers the main motives and factors for practicing karate in different countries. It attempts to distinguish the main trends based on the outputs of various sociological theories and studies. Method. This study relies strongly on reflections that...
Aim. The aim of the present study was to perform SJFT in children to analyse differences between groups of age and competition level. Methods. Thirty-four male children judo athletes aged under 13 (U13) and under 15 (U15) years-old were recruited from a local gym (amateurs) and the Spanish National Judo Team (SNT) and classified in three groups: U13 amateur, U15 amateur and U15 SNT. Children performed...
The problem and Aim. The article presents selected issues concerning the theory of fencing. To consider the directions and importance of each component in the selection of training methods, forms of training means in the sport, determined by the following factors: the structure of discipline, the importance of mobility, movement habits, content and essence of tactics. A description is made of the...
Background. The problem of aggression in sports – despite its ambiguous interpretation – is a subject of interest to sports theorists and psychologists as well as trainers. The concept of aggression can be variously-defined. Aggression in sport can be identified with self-assertion, but can also be linked to hostility. In Thirer’s classification of aggression it is defined as: destructive aggression...
Background. It has been suggested that undertaking physical activity solely for recreational purposes without any form of competition, as opposed to the competitive practising of a particular sport discipline can differentiate the moral attitudes of the individuals [Bilski, Borawska 2013]. Problem and aim. The purpose of the study was to analyse the level of acceptance of particular ethical codes...
Introduction. The effects of pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) intake are already well established in the literature, and generally address the outcomes of CHO restriction on physical abilities. The scarcity of studies investigating consumption at different moments and in specific populations is highlighted. Aim. The aim of the present study was to evaluate hand grip strength (HGS) and blood glucose,...
Background. This study aimed to describe and analyze the technical-tactical actions used by fighters who had already had experience in striking, grappling, and mixed combat sports when joining the Ultimate Fighting Championship® (UFC®). Methods. The present research analyzed 384 athletes’ performance, classified as grappling, striking, or mixed athletes during combat during their initial performance...
Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency speed of kick test (FSKT) objectivity intra- and inter-rater. Material, Methods and Results. Two evaluators determined the performance during FSKT of fourteen taekwondo athletes. Each athlete performed the 10s version of the FSKT (FSKT10s) and five sets of 10s with 10s intervals (FSKTmult). The performance was recorded and analyzed posteriorly...
Aim. The problem of the impact of wrestling skills, training, and related experiences on the careers of people who have achieved success in various areas of life was discussed. Method. The qualitative method of expert judgments, also known as the competent judges’ method, was used. Seven specific questions were answered by seven experts from five countries. Results. Professionals very positively assess...
Background. Taekwondo organizations such as World Taekwondo and the International Taekwon-Do Federation have made it a goal to use martial art/combat sports for peace promotion, which is in line with the moral goals of the early pioneers of this martial art. Problem and Aim. Despite these best intentions, there is an intrinsic dissonance between the aim(s) of peace and the potential violent techniques...
Background. Randori (free practice combat exercise) and kata (formal codified practice exercise) are complementary in learning judo. Traditionally taught by imitation (relationship between sensei and senpai/kohai; SHU phase of the SHU-HA-RI method) and after randori, kata are often perceived as an obstacle for promotion to a higher rank. Active teaching methods may help us in changing this perception...
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