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The UN Special Rapporteurs are independent experts holding mandates of special procedures established by the Human Rights Council. One of their main methods of work is conducting country visits, at the invitation of States. The article aims at assessing country visits as the way of monitoring the human rights situation at the national level. It provides an overview of the last visits in Poland, including...
In the light of Article 2(2) of the Convention, the threat to the right to life posed by the use of lethal force by State agents (lethal force) should be taken seriously in particular. It provides that deprivation of life shall not be considered contrary to this article if it results from the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary to achieve the three objectives set out therein. However,...
Zmiany w składzie i funkcjonowaniu Krajowej Rady Sądownictwa wprowadzone w minionym roku wpływają negatywnie na wypełnianie przez nią konstytucyjnej roli strażnika niezależności sądownictwa. Szczególnie widoczne było to w niedawnych wyborach sędziów Sądu Najwyższego. Rada zachowuje wprawdzie formalną autonomię w wykonywaniu uprawnień, jednak członkowie Rady nie wydają się utrzymywać personalnej niezależności...
The text comments on the Court of Justice of the European Union judgment of 25 January 2018 in the case C-473/16, F v. Bevándorlási és Állampolgársági Hivatal. The judgment was delivered within the framework of the preliminary ruling procedure following the request from the Hungarian court - Szegedi Közigazgatási és Munkaügyi Bíróság. The judgment commented on places itself within the growing case-law...
The article reviews the 2018 IGLP Workshop organized in Bangkok, Thailand by the Institute for Global Law and Policy (IGLP), Faculty of Law of Harvard University. The IGLP is a collaborative faculty effort to nurture innovative approaches to global policy in the face of a legal and institutional architecture manifestly ill-equipped to address the most urgent global challenges. The IGLP explores the...
Almost from the beginning of existence of the air transport, air carriers have noticed that frequently although all the seats on a flight were bought, many passengers have not appeared on an airport for the check-in. These passengers are called no-shows. Due to that fact the space on aircrafts was not fully used, carriers has realized that they could gain additional profit from saling more tickets...
In the judgement of 9th January 2015 (V CSK 51/14) the Polish Supreme Court created the ban for the notarial activity of foreign consular officers. A person entitled to the succession has made declarations concerning the waiver of the succession before foreign consul acting as an authority of the State which is dealing with the succession. In the same time Polish courts had parallel jurisdiction on...
Stosowanie rozbudowanych środków inwigilacji elektronicznej jest coraz częściej wskazywane jako jedno z głównych zagrożeń dla ochrony prywatności w cyberprzestrzeni, a w konsekwencji - dla budowy społeczeństwa opartego na informacji i wiedzy. Zagadnienie to jest często wiązane z poszukiwaniem równowagi pomiędzy ochroną praw jednostek (prawo do prywatności) a bezpieczeństwem publicznym (ochrona przed...
The article is a comment on the Supreme Administrative Court's verdicts of 6 May 2015 (signatures: II OSK 2372/12 and II OSK 2419/13) by which confirmation of the acquisition of Polish nationality based on ius sanguinus principle was denied to a child as the legal parentage was established in the foreign judgement and birth certificate indicating the genetic father and his same sex partner as parents...
Acts of mass killing committed against the Kurdish population during the so-called al-Anfal operation in 1988 constituted - even if one assumes the lowest number of estimated victims, i.e. that only 50-100 thousand people were murdered - a case of genocide understood in international law as actions undertaken with the intention to destroy a certain group in its entirety or in part. It was ordered...
The issue of gestational surrogacy is a serious challenge to Polish and foreign law. The present paper deals with the difficult questions of the assumptions, and the scope of application, of the public policy exception in cases before the Polish courts and authorities - especially in the procedure of the transcription of foreign birth certificates and certifying the Polish nationality acquired by...
The paper demonstrates the evolution on the ECtHR’s jurisprudence concerning Art. 18 ECHR in the light of its recent developments. As it is argued, the interpretation of Art. 18 had three principal historical stages: the first one, when this provision was viewed as competing with limitation clauses and only potentially violable; the second, when after the judgment in Gusinskyi the Court admitted its...
The matter of these remarks are judgments of the Supreme Administrative Court of May 6, 2015, in which decisions on refusal to confirm the Polish citizenship of a child in similar, unusual circumstances, were given. A child who lives in the United States under the care of a couple of men, was born by a woman referred to in foreign law as "surrogate mother". In the performance of the contract...
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