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Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
This article discusses the issue of the digitization of the archival materials of the Czechoslovak State Security (StB), the most important instrument of repressive policy during the communism (1948–1989). After 1989, a number of public disputes arose around the issue of the vast archive of the communist ministry of the interior. This situation reverberated in historiography, as well as in a broader...
The article deals with a particular digital archival project focusing on the role of Czech and Slovak Americans in the World War II. Besides its description, theoretical and practical, its implication for further use are discussed, both among scientists and non-specialized users. The methodological framework reflects includes some fundamental approaches from New media theorists, as reflected in the...
The study presents digital tools and practices used for research of the international correspondence network of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk before 1918. The discussion highlights the usefulness of spatial visualization and network analysis for interpreting the correspondence network as a significant instrument in the process of the creation of Czechoslovakia after the First World War. The ambition is to...
In the 1920s, civil aviation began to flourish. Initially, single-engine airplanes carried a few kilos of mail, whereas twenty years later, there were comfortable passenger airplanes in operation that travelled hundreds, even thousands, of kilometres. Locating an airport far away from a city was a problem, as it significantly increased transport times to the city centre. Therefore, proposals were...
In August 1968, the urban public space became the focal point of social change and the resistance of the Czechoslovak population to the occupation of the country by Warsaw Pact armies. With the example of several Czechoslovak cities, this article aims to contribute to the analysis of social resistance expressed through posters and slogans on the walls of buildings and through the disfiguring of Soviet...
The 1905 Revolution was the great socio-political phenomenon which can be interpreted in many different ways. One of the most important aspects of the 1905 Revolution is its urban character. Especially in Russian Poland, the Western frontier of the Empire, the Revolution was the crucial point in the development of modern public spheres. It was also the time when relations between different social...
The General Czechoslovak Exhibition of 1991 was held in Prague Exhibition Grounds in Holešovice from 15 May to 28 October. Under the banner “The World We Want to Live in”, it sought to commemorate the grandiose General Land Centennial Exhibition, which was held in the same venue in 1891. It was also meant to present the state of Czech and Slovak manufacturing, agriculture, environment, arts and style,...
The article comments on main trends in Polish historiography of the last 30 or so years. The author verifies predictions concerning said trends that had been made in the first years of the new millennium, to conclude that they proved too optimistic in some respects. Problems such as political instrumentalization of history loom large over Polish historiography and may distort its future development...
This essay-like study primarily explores the position of the social sciences within the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (Československá akademie věd, ČSAV) during the first two decades of its existence. It emphasises especially the gradual shift from its accent on sciences which could be used in political or national propaganda, such as archaeology, philosophy or ethnography, to sciences as a tool...
Grant-based funding became one of the crucial innovations in the Russian academia of the 1990s. It has been studied from quantitative and institutional perspectives while our paper focuses primarily on oral histories of grants that shed light on their subjective meaning. Interviews show that some post-Soviet academics remember their first experiences of applying for various programs, competition and...
As in any scientific field, social communication plays a very important role in historiography, too. It manifests itself in the operation of institutions, research directions and, naturally, in the personal lives of individual scholars. In addition to examining paradigms, ideas, concepts and methodologies, it is therefore appropriate to examine the network of social connections within the field. It...
This article explores tactile maps, that is spatial representations involving the development of raised versions of standard print maps, as spaces of encounter for blind activists during the Cold War. The Russian Union of the Blind had developed an interest in these items since the 1920s. In the post-Stalinist context of socialist internationalism, it often sent them as gifts to the blind organizations...
During the 1970s and 1980s, the pastors of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren regularly received cars as gifts from their partners in the Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland. This was a form of aid that Protestants in Czechoslovakia received from their West German partners. However, the transfers had to be approved by representatives of the Secretariat for Church Affairs. Through analyzing the...
East Germany has been a member of UN HABITAT/UNCHS (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements) since the 1970s and used the organisation both as a political platform for global discussions on housing as well as to strengthen its business prospects in developing countries. From 1984, the East German delegation to HABITAT was led by Bauakademie (East Germany’s institute for architectural science)...
Given the cultural centrality of sport during the Cold War, the East German communist authorities constructed an elaborate system of surveillance to prevent flight to the West by sport personalities and to control private interactions between East and West Germans, encounters that increased exponentially in the détente era. East German football fans met up with West German counterparts to watch games...
This article deals with the so-called Gemischte Gesellschaften (joint ventures), a special form of economic cooperation between the GDR and the West. Using the example of the Gemischte Gesellschaft of the foreign trade organization of Carl Zeiss Jena in London, the article outlines its foundation in the 1960s and its development from the 1970s to 1989. The article reveals that the Gemischte Gesellschaft...
As a border river, the Thaya not only separates the Czech and Austrian territories, but also requires joint management. One long-term cross-border problem is pollution by wastewater from the Pernhofen factory, which has flowed from Austria to Czechoslovakia / Czech Republic. This paper traces the resolution of the problem in bilateral relations since the 1960s. The most serious incident occurred in...
The article deals with the role of the state in nature protection in the Bohemian and Silesian Giant Mountains (Krkonoše, Riesengebirge) from late 19th century to 1938. It argues that the issue of local nature conservation should be seen in the broader context of the development of nature conservation in Central Europe. It also shows that the main motive behind conservationists’ calls for a stronger...
The review article deals with the new updated Italian edition of T. G. Masaryk’s book “The New Europe”. In addition to the annotated translation of Masaryk’s text, the volume contains two introductory studies (by the Czech historian Koloman Gajan and by Francesco Leoncini as the editor of the volume), Leoncini’s essayistic epilogue, the chronological overview of Masaryk’s life and the bibliography...
The study follows the works of Eagle Glassheim dedicated to the post-war development of the Most region, which resulted in the devastation of the local environment in the 1970s and 1980s. It inquires about how the new regional identity of the settlers was formed in the area of present- -day Lipno, to what extent it was affected by the industrial development of the locality and how it influenced the...
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