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The temperature inside the heat exchanger pipe in a steam boiler was subjected to analysis. Heating of the pipe with and without the scale was considered. A calculation model was presented describing the inverse problem of a geometrical type. It allows determining the thickness of the boiler scale based on the measurements of the temperature inside the pipe and the heat flow density on t he outer...
This article presents a comparison of CO2, CO and NOx emission from Saab 9-3 1.9 JTD and Fiat Bravo 2.0 JTD engines. The tests were conducted on the same route and reflect real driving emission from following passenger cars. Fiat Bravo engine is an evolution of 1.9 engine redeveloped to meet EURO 5 requirements. Despite cylinder diameter enlargement and increased fuel consumption harmful exhaust gases...
Non-road vehicles are a large group of machines and a vast majority of them utilize CI engines. This group includes agricultural vehicles, construction machinery, stationary engines, etc. Their regulations are less restrictive compared to vehicles from the HDV category which use similar engine units. For this reason, the Stage V standard will be introduced in 2018, adding reductions in the form of...
In the paper a concept of a digital hydraulic control system with increased data transmission capacity through a single hydraulic line is presented. The proposed transmitter-receiver system was subjected to preliminary simulation of its operation in FluidSIM Hy-draulics.
The purpose of the study was to present and compare the technical readiness indicators of selected vehicles in the transport company.The study was done taking into account the sample of public transport vehicles. The calculation of the readiness coefficient of the tested buses was made. The results of the research are compiled according to age and mileage. After the analysis of the results, it was...
This article is an introduction to the comprehensive study of the impact of fuel injectors placement for an internal combustion SI engine with direct gasoline injection. Ultimately, the study will focus on the applications for a fuel supply system simultaneously injecting two liquid fuels, which will help identify the qualitative and quantitative phenomena related to fuel injection and combustion...
Propulsion of non-road mobile machinery dedicated for the waste wood chipping these are mainly internal combustion engines. Their construction mainly affects the efficiency of wood chipping processes. Liberal homologation regulations for combustion engines used by non-road mobile machinery lead not only to relatively high emissions of harmful exhaust gases but also do not force manufacturers to develop...
Due to systematic reduction of he permissible levels of harmful and toxic substances in the exhaust gases, particulary of which particulate matter appears to be unfavorable, there is a continuing need to improve the fuel injection parameters. One of the factors determining the correct fuel injection is the injection pressure, which strongly depends on the design of the common-rail pump. This article...
The article presents systems which record parameters of flight in modern aircraft F-16, which was delivered to Polish Airforce in 2006. These systems are responsible for the flight safety. Systems records basics parameters of plane and engine, as specific fuel consumption or height of flight, also provides video and audio recording, and aerial combat assistance. These systems record even failures...
Increasing interest of different organizations in the environmental evaluation of products has caused the need of tools for its realization. Due to the great number of machines and devices in use and their total significant influence on environment, special concern should be focused on this group of technical objects. In this series of paper the main task is to present the methodology of encompassing...
Increasing interest of different organizations in the environmental evaluation of products has caused the need of tools for its realization. Due to the great number of machines and devices in use and their total significant influence on environment, special concern should be focused on this group of technical objects. In this text, the contexts of different nature: technological, social, environmental...
Industrial development is associated with an increased demand for machines for manufacturing and transport of both semi-finished and finished products. Different types of machines operating in food processing and light industry utilize drive belts and conveyor belts with circular cross-section which are most often made of thermoplastic elastomers. In this article overview of manufacturing technology...
The operational problems of currently manufactured high-pressure injection pumps are related to the use of fuels with inadequate lubricating properties. Even one-time use of fuel that does not meet the requirements assumed by the manufacturer may lead to irreversible changes in the structure of joints, which is tantamount to, among other things, change of the friction coefficient and attenuation in...
The article investigates the factory-made adjustments in the 1.4 liter gasoline engine construction used in an Opel Mokka as basis to determine the most common changes and adjustments made by vehicle manufacturers when producing vehicles that are to be powered with LPG. Comparisons are drawn to multiple other Opel vehicles, such as Adam, Astra, Meriva, and Insignia, all of which do have a factory-made...
The following paper presents a study of dynamic responses of a passenger vehicle in typical exploitation conditions. It describes the process of acquiring data from the test rides and their further analysis using statistical values using MatLab. The analysis focuses on accelerations of sprung and unsprung mass, suspension deflection and its speed, comparing the values achieved on different road surfaces,...
Machines and equipment are characterized by various working conditions, and their parts change temperature depending on the principle of operation or the process being carried out. Wires in such devices should be resistant to high temperatures or insulated from heat sources. Danger of damage to cables due to high temperatures occurs not only in the case of structural faults, but also can occur during...
The article presents comparative results of a diesel combustion engine (AVL 5804) along with their simulation analysis. The simulation was performed using the AVL Fire 2017 software. The article focused on the indicated pressure changes in the compression and expansion strokes and on the fuel combustion process. Based on the recorded pressure characteristics in the engine cylinder and its basic construction...
The continued reduction of fuel consumption by vehicles leads to an increase in the share of hybrid and electric vehicle drives in the automotive market. There are many approaches, such as to focus only on the introduction of electric vehicles, however, using this type of drive requires additional infrastructure, reconstruction of many systems and has a long charging time, with which consumers are...
A question of exact determination of an aircraft (a/c) position and of its basic parameters is very important for the process of pilots training and for aerobatics performance. Therefore, a need for implementation of an intelligent and autonomic system enabling realtime flight control has arisen. Methods of flight course control and of aerobatic or training flight assessment used so far are not adequate...
The main purpose of this article was to study slots application influence on airfoil which flies in the wing in ground and description of the boundary layer with lift and drag coefficients change. The paper presents wing in ground effect creation mechanism description with automotive and aerospace examples. NACA M8 airfoil with full simulation results for angles of attack from 0° to 15°, with profile...
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