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This article contains the results of a novel study on elements that constitute and influence the quality of the working environment. It describes the results of a study on the interrelation among research, education and production system and provides a general method for calculating the efficiency indicators. The most significant elements are the skills and training of employees, as well as technologies used by an enterprise. The single-factor dispersion analysis reveals that occupational accidents are caused by unsafe actions of employees and unsafe work organization in an enterprise. Data provided by the State Labour Inspectorate reveal that occupational accidents occur mostly in enterprises employing from 6 to 49 persons. This article discusses the negative factors that affect the quality of the working environment. By applying the Ishikava diagram method, the author describes the system of factors affecting processing enterprises and identifies the weakest points in their operation. Information provided by the State Labour Inspectorate is used to determine the most significant causes for injuries in Latvia's enterprises.