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The study was focused on soil factors influencing species richness and diversity after disturbance of the substrate followed by abandonment. Two types of disturbances in the past were considered: the removal of trees and shrubs with the resulting major destruction of soils, and deep ploughing. As a control meadows not covered by any management schemes for 50 years were studied. The topsoil stripping...
Dicranochaete quadriseta (Korš.) Nov. and Pop. was collected during investigations of algae from mountain peat bogs of the Sudeten Mts (Poland). The paper describes the morphology, taxanomy, geographical distribution and ecological conditions of this species. This very rare species was found in an oligominerotrophic peat bog called "Topieliska-Zieleniec" near Duszniki (Orlickie Mts).
The influence of some ecological factors to aquatic and marsh vegetation was studied during 1998-2000. Three basic vegetation units (Caricetum buekii, Typhetum latifoliae and Ceratophylletum submersi) and three transitional communities were defined in the belt transect, which was established along the moisture gradient. The content of available soil nutrients in individual vegetation types differed...
Health state of Rhus typhina was evaluated in 59 localities and 74 sites over the years 2001-2003 with scope (1) to identify the parasitic mycoflora of R. typhina in Slovakia and (2) to identify the occurrence of Cryphonectria parasitica, declared as an quarantine pest by the EPPO, besides the chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and oak (Quercus sp.) also on R. typhina. The fungus Botryosphaeria ribis...
In this paper I use the different measures of species mobility to describe the fine small-scale dynamics of calcareous grassland built mainly by perennial species and developed in the highly heterogeneous habitat of calcareous rocks. The community showed the low dynamics on a plot-scale (100 m2) and a high one on the scale of 1 m2. However, the studied species differed greatly in calculated indices:...
The paper provides data on a new antropophyte species - Typha laxmannii Lepech. which spreads throughout Poland as a hemiagriophyte. Its present distribution in Poland is given on a cartogramme map in a 10×10 km square grid and its geographic element, population numbers and notes on habitats are provided. An identification key to 5 species of the Typha genus, two native, one new which is the topic...
This paper presents a qualitative and quantitative chromatographic analysis (GC/MS) of the lipophilic fraction extracted from leaves, inflorescences and rhizomes of Silphium perfoliatum L. collected in 1998-2000. It was shown that the extracts of leaves and inflorescences are similar in composition, containing among their main constituents: α-amyrine (up to 13.9% of total components in leaves, up...
The break section of the Szum river and the mouth part of its left tributary, Miedzianka (Roztocze, SE Poland) were the object of the research conducted in the years 1999-2001. The aim of the study was to establish the abiotic conditions of the diversity of vegetation and the richness of vascular flora in a small lowland river valley. A real vegetation map was drawn in the scale 1:5000. The syntaxonomic...
The concentrations of carnosic acid, carnosol and rosmarinic acid in different materials from differentiated (multiple shoot cultures and regenerated plants) and undifferentiated (callus and cell suspension) in vitro cultures of Salvia officinalis were determined by HPLC. The results suggested that diterpenoid (carnosic acid and carnosol) production is closely related to shoot differentiation. The...
Using a sand pouch-plant infection method, populations of several species of root-nodule bacteria (rhizobia) were enumerated in eighty soils collected throughout Poland. Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (symbionts of pea, faba bean, vetch) and R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii (symbionts of clover) were detected in 77 and 76 soils, respectively. Most of these soils contained moderate and high numbers...
On the basis of morphological features and RAPD markers the strains of Chalara ovoidea found in Poland on planks and on stems of beech trees were identified. As reference strains the cultures taken from CBS Utrecht were employed; they were cultures CBS 354.76 and CBS 136.88. The amplification of genomic DNA was conducted using 10 primers (OPA01-OPA10), 7 of which (OPA01-OPA05, OPA09, OPA10) gave positive...
The effect of cytokinins with different chemical structures, adenine-type: N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), N6-furfurylaminopurine (FAP) and derivative of urea - 1,3-diphenylurea (DPU) applied in optimal physiological concentrations of 10-6-10-4 M on the mixotrophic plant Wolffia arrhiza during the period of 20 days of culture, was examined. The cytokinin highest influence on the metabolites level in W...
In this study, investigated were the effects of NaCl (60 mmol/dm-3) and NaCl supplemented with different salts (5 mmol/dm-3 CaCl2, CaSO4, CaCO3, KCl), on growth of two maize varieties (Cyrkon and Limko). After 7 days of cultivation in nutrient solution the growth response to salinity of both maize varieties was similar. NaCl led to a dramatic decrease in growth of plants (approx. 50% reduction in...
The studies of fallow lands were undertaken on the Przemyśl hills in the area of Cisowa locality which, till very recently, have been owned by a State Farm (PGR). The objective was to gain insight into the composition and diversification of plant communities on meadows, pastures and fields laid fallow, in context of habitat conditions prevailing after the use had ceased. The study utilised an old...
In this paper we show spatial carbon isotope variations in black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) needles, collected in spring 2001 and autumn 2003, from trees at the coast of south-western Croatia island (Žirje) and southern Spain (Benalmadena near Malaga), respectively. Needles were segmented perpendicularly to the longer axis (base, middle and top) and each segment was analysed separately. d13C values...
Condition of epistomatal wax on the abaxial surface of the current and previous-year needles of damaged silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.), both from the polluted Risnjak and "clean" Donja Dobra sites in Gorski Kotar region, both influenced by pollutants coming from Europe, during two years, three times a year, were examined with Scanning Electron Microscope. In the course of time the wax...
In this study we analyzed gaps originated in different seasons of the year vs. places of close vegetation in calcareous grasslands in terms of their suitability for seedling germination and establishment. Gaps, irrespective of the time of their origin, significantly promoted seedling emergence as compared with close swards. However, the season of gap creation influenced the rate of seedling germination/emergence...
The size and reproduction ability of the three field populations of Carex secalina Willd. ex Wahlenb. have been assessed. In the parallel garden study selected traits from the life history of the species have been studied, such as age at first reproduction, fertility, the size of seeds, their germination ability and size of seedlings. The populations of C. secalina discovered in Poland in 2000 are...
The effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the environmental conditions of macrophytes has been studied in 35 lakes divided into soft- and hardwater: oligohumic (<4.0 mg C dm-3), α-mesohumic (4.0-8.0 mg C dm-3), β-mesohumic (8.1-16.0 mg C dm-3) and polihumic (>16.0 mg C dm-3). The optimum environmental conditions for macrophytes have been found in oligohumic lakes, characterised by low...
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