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Soil organic matter (SOM) is an essential soil constituent. The deficiency of SOM is an essential problem in many regions in Poland. Diversity of organic matter and the environment create varying structures and compositions, and thus differences in properties of humic substances (HS) especially humic acids (HAs). It was found that soil amendment with organic matter resulted in improving of soil and...
Lead, as a heavy metal, is harmful to living organisms (both plants and animals) and it is relatively mobile in the environment. In this article we present the results of the monitoring of the lead content in local allotment gardens (Zielona Góra, Poland). We examined both the total and the phytoavailable form. Soil samples were collected in eight places in the allotment gardens, and two places in...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the basic soil parameters which takes part in many biological, chemical and physical soil processes and the SOC is currently considered as a key indicator of soil quality. For this reason determination of the SOC is a part of soil complex monitoring which has been performed in Slovakia since 1993. From 1993 until 2007 the “wet” method of determination of the SOC...
The aim of this study was estimation of total cadmium content and its fractional composition in arable soils, depending on their physicochemical properties. The research material consisted of samples taken from arable soil in 81 points within then Podlasie Province. The content of total cadmium in soils and its fractional composition was determined with the BCR method. It was found that the total...
The effect of ameliorating doses of hard coal fly ash (HCFA) on chemical properties of soil and on yields and chemical composition of crops was examined based on an experiment established in 1984. At first, typical agricultural crops were grown in the experiment, but in 1992 the field was turned into permanent grassland. The current study took place twenty-nine years after hard coal fly ash had been...
Soil subject to a three-year pot experiment was analyzed, in which the following factors were considered: (i) soil contamination with nickel (0, 75, 150 and 225 mg Ni kg⁻¹ of soil); (ii) liming (0 Ca and Ca in a dose calculated according to 1 Hh of soil); (iii) organic fertilization (with no organic fertilization, rye straw and brown coal from the Turów coalmine). The test plant was orchardgrass,...
The study has determined the composition of dissolved organic matter in Luvisols, Fluvisols and Histosols using spectroscopic (FTIR) and chromatographic (HPLC and Py-GCMS) methods. It has been found that aliphatic hydrocarbons (linear) containing from 4 to 12 atoms of carbon constitute the dominant group of compounds included in the dissolved organic matter (DOC). The preparations isolated from Histosols...
The aim of the study has been to define the stocks and the basic properties of soil organic matter in agricultural-used soil sequence located in the former shoreline of disappearing lakes. The study area is located in the catchment of the Sumowskie Lakes, the Brodnica Lake District, North-Eastern Poland. The investigations involved preparation of five soil pits located in the south-western part of...
Accumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu (HM) by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from sod podzolic sandy loam and chernozem soils, impacted by heavy metals pollution in the soils, is studied in the article. The aim of study has been to determine spring barley bioaccumulation capacity impacted by the HM pollution with the high level of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu concentration in soils. The HM concentration diapason caused...
In a multi-year field fertilisation experiment the effects of organic and mineral fertilisers on the physicochemical properties of lessive soil were compared. Manure, two doses of slurry and mineral fertilisers were applied to soil farmed in an eight-field crop rotation. Dose 1 of slurry, manure and mineral fertiliser were applied in doses balanced with nitrogen. Dose II of slurry was determined so...
The geochemical analysis of biogenic sediments was used to reconstruct environmental conditions and the impact of human activity from a small mire geo-system in the Sandomierz Basin (Poland SE). Changes in the nature of selected geochemical indicators show a significant impact on the transformation of the mire during the early stages of human activity. It is reflected in the geochemical record by...
Substances present in soils are of natural or anthropogenic origin. As a result of industrial activity, large quantities of potentially hazardous elements such as heavy metals are deposited in the environment. They may occur as unavailable (similar to the total form), or available for plants. The content of nickel in the soil from the former sanitary zone of the Głogów Copper Smelter does not exceed...
Humic substances (HS) constitute a large part of organic matter found in aquatic environment. The HS strongly interact with both inorganic and organic pollutants. Occurrence of the HS in groundwater accounts for many problems with treatment procedures. These natural components cause an increased intensity of water colour, affect its taste and odour, hinder removal of iron, manganese and other metals,...
Organic matter plays an important role in stability and fluxes of trace greenhouse gases between land surface and atmosphere. A steady decline of soil organic matter in Poland is observed, therefore the pending problem and new challenge is to increase its level, particularly in sandy soils. In the last decades a growing interest in various sources of organic matter, for example brown coal, its derivatives...
The aim of this paper has been to define the influence of accelerated erosion on basic properties and the SOM stocks of soils within vineyards located on western slopes of the Lower Vistula Valley. The study was conducted within four vineyards situated 30 km north-east from Bydgoszcz. During the field work 44 auger holes were made. On the basis of results of drilling, eight places for soil pits were...
This paper is a side effect of preparing international publications on our long term research on soils’ susceptibility to wind erosion. For the paper to be internationally understandable we had to translate the texture classes from the Polish soil-agricultural maps (PTG1974), used as a basis to derive ten soil units investigated in the experiments, into the widely recognised USDA classification. We...
Soil permeability is the measure of the soil’s ability to permit water to flow through soil pores. It depends chiefly on the volume and geometry of soil pores, bulk density, and soil structure. Studied soils were overgrown with short-rotation plantations of Salix and amended with sewage sludge in Germany, Estonia, and Poland. Sewage sludge application as well as the use of soils influenced water permeability.
The aim of the work has been to compare the particle-size distribution in the soils of two catenas located in two mesoregions in the Masurian Lakeland and formed within two phases of the Vistula Glaciation. The studied catenas are located in the Olsztyn Lakeland within the Pomeranian phase (Pierwągi catena) and the Mragowo Lakeland within the Poznan phase of the Vistula Glaciation (Linowo catena)...
The geography, physical and physicochemical properties of the Podilski Tovtry rendzinas have been studied. The paper describes the differences in the rendzina ontogenesis caused by lithological, geomorphological, climatic conditions and human activities. The role of the lithological factor in the formation of spatial heterogeneity and the change in the Podilski Tovtry rendzina components have been...
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