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Late spring/summer depth and velocity conditions of 16 ‘functional habitats’ were investigated in lowland rivers. The habitats significantly associated with shallower, faster areas were 'submerged, fine-leaved macrophytes' (20-40 cm deep, >0.45 ms-1) and 'macroalgae' (10-30 cm, >0.60 ms-1). 'Cobbles' were associated with slightly slower, shallower conditions (0-20 cm, 0.45 ms-1), 'gravels' with...
Changes in hydro-geological pattern of the river Brahmaputra, due to changes in topography, altitude, precipitation, and soil conditions, has resulted in zonation of the river into five major types of habitats that influence the distribution of fish biota. The erratic nature of water discharge, high rates of erosion and siltation, and habitat destruction have negative impacts on the commercial fishery...
In the face of increasing pressure on freshwater resources, there exists an urgent need for new practical tools to achieve their sustainable management. Sustainable water resources and ecosystem services at the global scale can be achieved by two types of actions: first, the reduction of energy and material use per capita — expressed by the UNEP Concept of Ecoefficiency and second, by enhancement...
Ecohydrology research projects undertaken, within the framework of the International Hydrological Programme, in Latin America and the Caribbean are presented, together with contact details of the participants. These include investigations by national research organizations in Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil, as well as collaborative projects involving Brazilian researchers and colleagues from Germany,...
The ecohydrological approach can be applied to reconstructed wetlands where an appropriate vegetation design is needed in order to optimise hydraulic behaviour, water quality improvement and biodiversity increase. The purpose of this study is to examine the hydraulic effects of different development stages of vegetation in a demonstrative reconstructed wetland in Italy characterised by a central canal...
The adverse changes to Ireland’s rivers and lakes, that result from deterioration in water quality, channelization and alteration of natural hydrological features, have impacted on the habitats of a variety of important fish stocks. These anthropogenic effects, and the recent changes in landscape management, which also threaten the other aspects of aquatic biodiversity of many Irish river catchments...
Ecohydrology in Australia is moving towards solving practical management problems by linking environmental, social and economic factors. The River Murray Wetland Rehabilitation Project is demonstrating the ecohydrological approach to manage local resources with the involvement of communities. On-ground projects aim to restore key elements of the natural hydrological regime to repair damaged wetland...
A comparison between the crop water supply at 6 agrometeorological stations in the former Soviet Union, over 20 years, under natural water supply condition and under soil mulching, has shown a rather low natural crop water supply in the forest-steppe and steppe zones, and that soil mulching tends to increase the crop water supply by about 1.7 times.
Hydrological regime at impounded sections of rivers is regulated by releases from upstream hydroelectric power stations (HEPS). Therefore regulated hydrological regimes can be used to manage ecosystem condition and water quality control. The hydraulic regime determines the functioning of main channel ecosystems; the daily level fluctuations caused by the peak operational regime of HEPS provide the...
The aim of this research was estimation and comparison of denitrification rate in the Sulejów Reservoir using two methods: 1). the in situ chamber method – the denitrification rate was calculated from the total N2 flux out of the sediment, measured directly by gas chromatography and ranged from 0 to 677 μmoll N2 m-2 h-1. 2). occurrence of denitrifying bacteria – determined by means of the most probable...
Evaluation and assessment of fresh and inland water quality at the regional and global scales is not a simple task. UNEPs GEMS/Water has operated a comprehensive freshwater quality monitoring and assessment programme for over 20 years and is the only such global programme. GEMS/Water operates by inviting national governments to provide water quality data from their water quality monitoring programmes...
The key to ecological revitalisation of river floodplains is improving the water regime, since this very important abiotic factor has undergone serious deteriorations due to anthropogenic effects. The desired improvement can be achieved by transforming the natural water conveyance infrastructure of the river-floodplain system in an appropriate manner. The proposed revitalisation has been tested on...
Asian countries have broad extremes of development stages, some are technologically very advanced, on the other extreme are people that are dependent to traditional village practices. Rapid population growth in the past three decades have put great stress to the environment mainly due to a greedy natural resources exploitation. In that period traditional wisdom, knowledge, and taboo are being put...
The La Plata River Basin is one of the largest international watersheds in the world (its area is about 3 million km2), rich in water and other natural resources that are essential for the economic development of the five countries that share its territory: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Together with the development of large reservoirs for energy and other water uses, extensive...
In the hydrological cycle of river valley a vertical water fluxes are controlled by climate (precipitation and evapotranspiration). In the Vistula river valley near Plock periods of water recharge, surplus and deficit in the valley landscape units has been determined using Thornthwaite water balance method. A good tracer of that process is Cl and NO3 concentration in the ground water. Concentration...
In this paper a review of the lessons learned in the past phase of the ecohydrology project are presented from the hydrologist’s (environmental engineer’s) points of view. The authors believe that so far the ecohydrological programme remained mostly an aquatic-ecological one, without making much use of hydrological and environmental engineering knowledge, which would be required to end up with really...
This paper introduces a new approach to the modelling of interdisciplinary river catchment management, a project for the management of watersheds being conducted at the UFZ Environmental Research Centre. The new European Union Water Framework Directive shifts the management of water resources beyond political boundaries (e.g. state, country) to focus on the total river catchment area. The project...
There have been no ubiquitous, and unanimously accepted, definitions of the notions of ecohydrology and sustainable development. Aside from the interpretation by the UNESCO IHP-V Projects 2.3/2.4, there exist other ways, in which the terms “ecohydrology” and “hydroecology” are understood. Also several competing definitions of the notion “sustainable development” are available. Yet, a robust finding,...
Lowland rivers in industrial countries such as the UK are seriously impacted by phosphorus from a variety of sources. Point sources include numerous sewage-treatment works; diffuse sources include a full range of agricultural activities from fertiliser application to intensive poultry and stock rearing. The scientific consensus is that the concentration of phosphorus is an important measure of eutrophication...
This paper reviews contemporary practice in regional sediment management, with respect to rehabilitation design. Historically, these issues were rarely addressed effectively leading to many project failures. Recently, however, there has been an increased consideration of regional sediment issues. This movement has been complemented by the development of an increasing number of design approaches that...
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