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Water and land ecotones harbour complex interactions of hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and lithosphere. Exchange processes at their interfaces involve multiple feedback mechanisms which to a large extent affect the overall conditions on earth. Hydrological processes affect ecotones and vice versa. The paper outlines briefly some of the effects and gives examples of ecotones in arid and urban environments.
The following areas of research related to the climate\water resources interface may be identified: detecting changes in atmospheric and hydrological variables by means of measurable indicators, including paleohydrological data; assessing sensitivity of land surface processes to climate characteristics; analyzing implications of climate change on regional water supply and demand; assessing the impact...
In the face of increasing pressure on freshwater resources, there exists an urgent need for new practical tools to achieve their sustainable management. Sustainable water resources and ecosystem services at the global scale can be achieved by two types of actions: first, the reduction of energy and material use per capita — expressed by the UNEP Concept of Ecoefficiency and second, by enhancement...
The implementation of Ecohydrology (EH) – a transdisciplinary problem-solving science - has to be based upon the development of system solutions for river basins which have to harmonise hydrological processes with ecosystems dynamics and societies’ needs. The network of the UNESCO International Hydrological Programme EH Demonstration Projects was organised for scientific advancement, knowledge transfer,...
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