Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
This paper reports the results of kinetic studies of biodenitrication in which Bacillus licheniformis bacteria are involved, in a medium including either sodium glutamate or aspartic acid as the sole source of carbon. The determined kinetic parameters of the process proved that sodium glutamate is a more effective source of carbon in the process of nitrate reduction, but it is less preferred by bacteria...
The mainly purposes this paper to compare the atmospheric air contamination in different localities depending on the winter and summer season of the year, with use of the enrichment factor and the Principal Component Analysis. The lack of a clear correlation between the enriching coefficients of Pb and Cd as well Cr and Ni may indicate that over the town area masses of the air from different directions...
Some basic experiments of nitrous oxide determination, utilizing a classic double beam spectrometer were performed. Known amounts of nitrous oxide were measured in atmospheric air, helium and exhaust gases. The experiments allowed determination of N20 in amounts of 80 and 4 ppmv, employing standard and long-path gas cells, respectively.
Of both drugs studied only enflurane enhanced the activities of the following enzymes: succinate dehydrogenase (SD), thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPP-ase), and acid phosphatase (AcP). The activation of metabolic processes was maximal in group 3 (after 60 min anaesthesia) and group 4 (1 hr after 60 min anaesthesia), and persisted in group 5 (24 hr after 60 min anaesthesia). Furthermore, we found an increase...
The results of anaerobic treatment of molasses processing wastewater in labscale AHR are presented. The performance of the model has shown that wastewater from molasses processing in BIOPO Leopoldov is suitable for anaerobic treatment. In the reactor, anaerobic granulated biomass was cultivated. As follows from granulation process observation, intensive wash-out of the suspended biomass started at...
Results of a study on the content of cadmium and lead in the hair of persons in contact with these elements in their work place are presented. Hair was washed in order to remove exogenic contamination, and mineralized, and concentrations of the above elements were measured by differential pulse anodie stripping voltammetry (DPASV) in ammonium citrate buffer medium. The obtained results clearly point...
The concentrations of gamma emitters in grass samples of central-eastern Poland have been determined. The transfer factors for Cs-137 were calculated for particular samples. The effects of soil type, location of the sampling points and of potassium concentration on this transfer factor were studied.
We estimated the toxic effect of benzene, phenol, and catechol on the logarithmic phase of growth of Chlorella vulgaris, Beijerinck 1890 cultures; the compounds show various degrees of toxicity to the algae. A concept was developed concerning each compound's toxicity index EC50/(T2-T1) The concept assumes the calculation of the index as well as benzene, phenol, and catechof-ináuced inhibition of test...
The effect of heavy metal ions (both biogenic Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn1+ and abiogenic Hg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+) on the growth of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria, and the kinetics of denitrification were studied. Rate constants and induction times of denitrification taking place in the media containing metal ions at different concentrations were determined. The order of toxicity of the metals and their maximum tolerable...
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) content was determined in the adipose tissue of pigs and cattle in the region of Warmia and Mazuria. The animals were slaughtered in August and September 1994. PCBs were determined with gas chromatography. Their average concentration in the fat tissue of pigs was 2 µg/kg, and of cattle 5 µg/kg. In the majority of the samples collected from pigs PCB content was le ss...
The whole-body retention and organ distribution of trace intra gastric (ig) doses of 203HgCI2 was measured in rats administered with 5 mg Fe/rat/day for 28d. The iron supplement substantially increased Hg-203 elimination from the body and decreased the level of Hg-203 in organs, and AUC values by about 3 times. These findings of enhanced body and organ removal of radiomercury are indicative of a beneficial...
Denitriiication using real wastewaters from chemical production was studied in lab-scale reactors. The wastewater streams contained as main compounds vinyl acetate, acetaldehyde and methanol. The highest denitrification rates were estimated in the wastewater with vinyl acetate. The effect of the tested substrates on endogenous metabolism and nitrification inhibition is discussed.
Fluorine was isolated from plant material by microdiffusion and determined potentiometrically using a fluoride ion-selective electrode. The content of lead, cadminum, copper, zinc and manganese was determined by the ASA method. Samples of cocksfoot and meadow grass were collected from plots in which mineral fertilizers (O, PK, PKN100, PKN150, PKN200, PKN250) had been used for seven years. The obtained...
The photoelectric effect on the interface of an immiscible media of aqueous lithium chloride solution of 5x 10-2 mol/dm3 concentration and 1,2-dichloroethane containing tetrabutylammo- nium tetraphenylborate of concentrations ranging from 1 x 10-7 mol/dm3 to 5 x 10-2 mol/dm3 was studied. The effects of temperature, light intensity, variation in light-absorbing tetraphenylborate ion concentration and...
Atmospheric cadmium emissions from the non-ferrous metals industry and energy production sector within the Upper Oder River Basin was estimated for the period of 1989 -1992. The zinc and lead industry reduced metal emission by about 75% in the examined period to 1.2 Mg/a, while the copper industry showed a slow growth of emissions from 0.34 in 1989 to 0.51 Mg/a in 1992. Hard coal-fired power plants...
The purpose of the present review is to conduct a detailed description of mercury cycling and accumulation within the freshwater ecosystem and to identify natural chemical and biological processes which affect mercury availability in the aquatic environment.
Comparative tests on the sensitivity of actinomycetes to cadmium and copper ions were carried out on 19 wild strains of the genus Streptomyces. The strains were tested by placing solutions of cadmium chloride on filter paper disks in quantities of 20 and 40 μg Cd2+, and also 20, 40 and 80 μg Cu2+ converted to metal. Both conidial and vegetative forms of actinomycetes were used as inoculum. Differentiation...
Studies were made on the content of nitrogen substances and chlorides, as well as the counts of ammonifying, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the underground waters of water-bearing formations in the Omulewski Aquifer in Mazuria. Water samples were collected from 11 water-wells (20-67 m deep) and 3 piezometric wells (bore-holes) (6.8-23.5 m). These wells were located in forested areas at Sedańsk...
In this work an attempt has been made to determine the quality of atmospheric air and soil polluted by different emission sources (i.e. motorways, railways, coal fuel combustion in house furnaces, long-term range emission from Třinec, Czechoslovakia) in Wisła. The 180 air samples and 60 soil samples were collected in different zones in Wisła. In Wisła there are two linear emission sources: a motorway...