Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
Studies have shown that the bacteria strains Eschericha coli and Streptococcus faecalis survive 2 to 8 days longer at 4°C than at 20°C in the same lake water samples. An addition of glucose to lake water increased survival of these bacteria strains by 2 to 4 days. An addition of peptone was even more effective. Survival of E. coli increased by 5-15 days, and of Str. faecalis by 11-19 days. It was...
Assesments were made of the effect of lead and methylbromfenvinphos (IPO-63) on rat organisms after single and mixed intoxication. The analyses were based on acetylcholine esterase activity in blood and methylbromfenvinphos residues in liver. It was found that intoxication with lead acetate before methylbromfenvinphos increased AChE inhibition in blood, this effect being different depending on the...
This paper proposes, a new integrated traffic control method which makes it possible to take into account environmental protection requirements. It uses multicriteria control concepts and newly developed hardware possibilities (e.g. new generations of intelligent traffic road video-detectors). Traffic and environmental situations are identified and classified into appropriate modes with the use of...
Gas chromatography was used to determine lindan and methoxychloride residues in the muscle, brain and liver of selected fish species caught in Popielewo pond in Białystok province. The fish (Carassius carassius L, Cyprinus carpio L, Leucaspius delineatus Heckel) were exposed to an effective concentration of 0,5 ppm Gamametox Powder in water for 30 days. The experiment showed that the highest accumulation...
The aim of this paper is to compare the chemistry of surface waters taken from two areas: Poland (Wielkopolska) and Lithuania. These two areas have different environments and different agricultural utilization. The high concentration of both nutritive compounds and dissolved humic substances were found in the Wielkopolska Region, where a great proportion of cultivated fields and intensive agrotechnics...
Four separate analytical procedures were applied to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) and their oxygen and nitrogen derivatives including carbazoles, nitrocompounds and aza compounds. The basic method applied in all four procedures was chromatography, utilized in different variations aimed at obtaining PAH concentrates and their derivatives, before identification analysis. Capillary...
A number of indicatory microorganisms are found in clean and lightly polluted surface water in the ditch in Słupy village and in the drainage ditch in the region of Barczewo; in the Elżbieta Canal and in Wójtowo stream - for clean (TVC 37°C), lightly (TC, FC, and FS), or strongly (TVC 20°C) polluted surface water; and for inconsiderably or noticeably (TVC 20°C and TVC 37°C) and strongly (TC, FC, FS...
The influence of solid retention time on cadmium uptake by activated sludge at different concentrations of the metal was studied. Activated sludge was cultivated in a lab-scale bioreactor with plug-flow pattern. Respirometric measurements were applied to evaluate the inhibitive effects of cadmium on activated sludge. The obtained values of the conditional adsorption constant indicate a similar affnity...
The results of experimental and mathematical modelling of simultaneous carbonization, nitrification and denitriiication processes in an industrial wastewater treatment plant are presented. Simplified dynamic mathematical models based on organic and nitrogen substrates, autotrophic and heterotrophic biomass material balances for complete-mixing and tank-in-series hydraulic regimes and Monod-type kinetics...
The nature of the interaction between some strong antifungal compounds and model membranes was studied. It was found that these compounds (N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-/3- (β-methyl-β-nitrovinyl 1-6-methoxybenzyl/ammonium chloride and its derivatives) significantly change the properties of liposomes, planar lipid bilayers (BLM) and erythrocytes. The changes observed (i.e., release of praseodymium ions...
Determination of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH-s) in sewage sludges is necessary before utilizing the sludges in agriculture, especially in industrial regions. Separation of PAHs has been the most difficult step of analysis. In this work, PAHs were separated by extraction. The best extraction solvents were chosen after reviewing literature. A new method of determining the partition coefficient...
The interaction of lead and calcium assimilation was examined in the soft tissues, shell and faeces of the soft tissues, shell and faeces of the garden snail an induced calcium stress, shell wounding. This is known to mobilise Ca both from the shell and soft tissues, conditions which are likely to affect Pb assimilation by each component Following wounding, snails were fed an artificial diet for 7...
A series of N-alkoxymethyl-N, -N, N-dimethyl-N-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butyl)-benzylammonium chlorides was synthesized as a new group of surfactants with an antioxidant function incorporated into the molecule. The interaction of these compounds with liposomes, planar membranes (BLM) and red blood cells was studied. It was found that the interaction of the compounds studied with model membranes is alkyl-chain-length...
Morphochemical tests of placentae and clinical examinations of babies born-at-term with intrauterine hypotrophy and of normal body weight were conducted. A decreased activity of cytochrome c oxidase in syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast extravillous, amniotic epithelium as well as in decidual cells was observed. In all placenta samples we found a diminished percentage of intesvillous space, disordered...
In this work the energetics of water transport along the radial path of bean root (Phaseolus vulgaris L) and water elevation along the xylem induced by osmotically generated root pressure was studied. The radial path of the root was, according to Fiscus's concept [1,2], approximately modelled by a 1-membrane system. An analytical method by Kargol [5] (concerning the osmo-diffusive conversion of free...
The modyfication of model lipid membranes by amphiphilic ammonium salts of the general formulae |(CH3)3NCH2COOC12H25|+ • Cl (V-12), |(CH3)2C12H25NCH2COOC2H4Cl|+ • Cl- (V-A) and |(CH3)3NCH2COOC2H4Cl|+ • Cl- (V-B) were studied. It was found that the efficiency of liposomal and planar lipid membranes (BLM) modified by these salts can be sequenced as follows: V-12, VA, and VB. It was also found that sulpate-ion...
The influence of ammonia ions and oxygen on the kinetics of denitrification and culture growth of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria is reviewed. It was determined that these microorganisms can utilize both 02 and NO -3 as electron acceptors. They are also able to assimilate NH4+ and NO 3-, and it is conceivable that they also assimilate nitrogen and catalyze nitrification reactions.