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This paper includes the results of research on indicatory microorganisms of contamination (TVC 20°C, TVC 37°C) and sanitary (TC, FC, FS, Clostridium perfringens) states in water-bearing formations (without isolation from the surface) of the Omulewski aquifer in Mazuria, Poland, conducted from 1988 to 1993. Less bacteriological contamination was characteristic of water from wells in a partly (Janowo)...
Explants of young leaves and hypocotyls of M. crystallinum were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing auxins, cytokinins and auxin-cytokinin combinations. Callus was obtained from the medium supplemented with kinetin and 2,4-D. Callus induction was more readily obtained from hypocotyls than from leaves. Media containing zeatin (ZT), kinetin (KT), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic...
The erosion of metalliferous spoil tips by atmospheric processes is examined by means of a novel application of a particulate monitor. The importance of vegetation cover in the stabilisation of spoil tips, and particularly in the reduction of atmospheric pollution, is noted. The concentration of particulates in atmospheric samples was related to the degree of vegetation cover on the spoil tip, to...
The main sources of pollution, related pollutants, their emission rates and ways of liberating indoor air are presented. Health symptoms in air spaces with different ventilation systems and risks associated with particular sources are compared. Also, different sampling and analytical techniques and source characterization methods are described. The advantages and shortcomings of the five basic approaches...
This paper summarizes measurements of the radioactivity of soil and plant samples from the part of the Łęczna-Włodawa lake district, which is under a re-naturalization project, in Lublin and Chełm provinces (Eastern Poland). The aim of the studies was to determine the concentrations of particular radionuclides in the soils and plants of this district. The total radioactivity is reported as well as...
This paper studies the influence of equimolar mixtures of biologically-active cationic and anionic amphiphiles (dodecyl-oxymethylene-methyl-morpholinium chloride (DOMM) and one of the series of sodium alkylsulphonates (ASJ with n = 1,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain) on calcium ion desorption from lecithin liposome membranes. It was shown that by choosing the hydrophobic part of...
Distillery wastewater treatment in a laboratory anaerobic UASB reactor is described. The aim of the modelling was to determine optimum reactor organic loading and the design reactor volume. The process was followed at 20°C reactor temperature, because the distillery wastewater was diluted with municipal wastewater to achieve the required nutrient balance (the UASB reactor will be situated at a municipal...
Results of studies on a number of colony-forming units of heterotrophic bacteria, their physiological properties and nutritional requirements in water of Lake Jamno estuary are presented. The density of bacteria showed marked seasonal fluctuation with peaking in summer. Most numerous groups among bacteria studied were ammonifying, proteolytic and lipolytic strains. The smallest groups of them consisted...
In this paper physical, chemical and toxical properties of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been described. Different methods for isolation of these compounds from air, water and soil were presented. Various chromatographic methods such as gas chromatography (GC and CGC/MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-Vis, diode array and fluorescence detection, thin-layer...
The number of bacteria participating in transforming carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphate compounds and the number of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts in soil fertilized with pig slurry was studied. The following types of soil were considered: — the arable layer of acid brown and black soil — the turf layer of mineral — marsh soil The following three areas were separated for estimating...
The organophosphorus insecticide bromfenvinios and its methylated homologue methylbrom- fenvinfos inhibited the activity of pig kidney (Na++K+)-ATPase contained in the microsomal fraction and purified from it. The effect was dose-dependent Subrate kinetic studies of the enzyme revealed the existence of two active sites with high and low affinity to ATP respectively. The Dixon analysis of the mode...
Ethanol (EtOH) abouse in pregnancy is known to produce serious damage of internal organs of the fetus, a condition in humans that is classified as "fetal alcohol syndrome". Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal pollutant of the environment, represents another toxin that produces retarded fetal growth and teratogenic effects. The developing brain is particularly sensitive to both toxins, being affected...
Using an isotope labelling technique it has been shown that an organophosphorus insecticide methylparathion (0,0-diethyl 0-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) depressed calcium uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from rabbit hind leg muscle. The effect was significant for insecticide concentrations of 50 and 100 µM and was dose-dependent The insecticide exerted a more pronounced effect on calcium...
Studies of the contents of gamma emitters in samples of water and deposit taken from the Bug River (in Poland only) are presented. The total y-activity of deposits ranges from 120-650 Bq/kg and the average value is 350 Bq/kg. The elevated activity is chiefly due to the presence of natural radionuclides. The main artificial radionuclides are Cs-137 and Cs-134, whose contribution to the total activity...
Our study on the adverse impact of a polluted environment on children's health was made in Chorzów, a town commonly regarded as a region of ecological disaster. The percentage of infants with birthweight below 2500g is highest and average birthweight lowest in the most polluted districts of the town. Placental dysfunction as a negative effect of air pollution is the immediate reason of drastically...
The influence of acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication on hepatic and placental cytochrome P-450 content, and on NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase was examined in Wistar female rats. The animals were pretreated with a single dose of CC14 before pregnancy. The contents of the constituents of the MFO system were measured at term. The results revealed that the CCl4-mediated decrease at the total hepatic...
A new method of atmospheric sulphur dioxide determination based on the reaction of sulphite ions with triarylmethane dye on polymer film has been developed. The addition of sulphite to aqueous solutions of triarylmethane dyes causes bleaching of the dye by formation of the sulphite complex. On the polymer film different aspects of the reaction such as the type of polymer, polymer film thickness, and...
Strong oxidants are used in water treatment technology as disinfectants and/or technological factors. Chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone and potassium permanganate are used as strong oxidants. However, application of the oxidants may lead to formation of undesired products. Much research has recently focused on identification of those products. Ozone has been primarily used for oxidation of specific...
The growth of Albizia lebbeck benth., Peltophorum pterocarpum Baker and Ficus religiosa L. were slow during the initial period of May and early June, but during the later half the growth rate increased. All species showed less growth in the city areas of Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Nazimabad and Liaquatabad as compared to the University campus, which is a clean area. Among the species studied, P. pterocarpum...
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