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Forming of site index class of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in relation to forest site types (including their moisture variants) and soil units (type/subtype and also – in minor extent – geological genesis of soil parent material) was investigated. The research was conducted in the Bolesławiec, Głogów and Oława forest districts (SW Poland) in 348 Scots pine stands. The values of the pine...
We assumed that wood of trees undamaged by wind will be characterized by higher basic density than wood of damaged specimens. It was stated that wood of windthrow had lower basic density, but differences were not statistically significant. Two parts of wood: (compressed and tensioned zones) were analyzed separately. Higher density was found in tensioned zone of windthrow and in compressed zone in...
Paper describes functioning of the Imperial & Royal Foresters School in Bolechów established in 1883 and closed in 1913 as the only school of that type in Galicia (south−eastern part of nowadays Poland and western Ukraine). The school was very popular as it was governmental entity and thus provided scholarships for the poorest pupils and graduation guaranteed the job in the forest authorities...
The paper discusses the biologically active compounds contained in onion (Allium cepa L.) such as thio− sulfinates and other organosulfur compounds, saponins and flavonoids as well as evaluates their biological role. Method for biofungicides preparation, whose essential element is an aqueous extract of onion, and the possibility of its application in forest nurseries are presented. Content of polyphenols...
Paper compares various analysis methods suitable for an analysis of point pattern with directionally varying point density. As example was used point pattern from spacing experiment created according to Nelder design in which tree density changes greatly but in smooth manner. Such a pattern could be not analysed by methods assuming homogenous point density e.g. classical estimator of Ripley's K function...
The article presents the results of the research on the remuneration and promotion system in the State Forests in Poland. The research was conducted using a questionnaire survey and utilises answers from 414 managers of forest districts and 105 representatives of all regional directorates of the State Forests. The respondents critically evaluated the current remuneration system, especially in the...
Study determines the species composition and frequency of entomopathogenic fungi in the soil of Jata Nature Reserve (E Poland). Fungi were isolated from soil samples by 'insect bait method' with Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor larvae. We found five species of entomopathogenic fungi: Beauveria bassiana, Isaria farinosa, I. fumosorosea, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii. The...
Kozienice Forest (central Poland) belongs to very valuable areas from touristic and ecological point of view. Water resources are important factor of further development of this region. Analysis of 49−year (1963−2011) annual and seasonal rainfall and runoff characteristics from a small (82 km2) catchment of Zagożdżonka River, with forestation ratio of 0.40, indicated a statistically significant decrease...
Airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology allows collecting data describing top forest layer in a very accurate way. This provides a possibility to generate crown height models (CHM) with resolution in which single tree crowns can be detected. In presented study highly automatic algorithm for single tree detection is presented. FALCON II ALS acquired data in Forest Experimental Station in Rogów (central...
Study assessed the usefulness of various methods for choosing the initial values for the numerical procedures for estimating the parameters of mixture distributions and analysed variety of mixture models to approximate empirical diameter at breast height (dbh) distributions. Two−component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution were employed. The study plots, representing...
The paper presents preliminary results and experiences concerning promoting diverse structures in forest stands dominated by light demanding tree species, i.e. those that prevail under conditions of Polish lowlands. Data was collected in the ‘Control Unit Browsk 28C', established in 2002 in the managed part of the Biało− wieża Forest (eastern Poland) and surveyed again in 2011.
Polish constitution and other legal acts realize that state−own forests are the legacy of every citizen of Poland, and admission into it for recreation – including horse riding – is one of subjective rights, which should be effectively protected. Obviously the ‘theory of the owner’, where the foresters realizing in state−own forests only owner's privileges based on civil law, and both sides of that...
The paper analyses knowledge of secondary school pupils from Ustrzyki Dolne and tourists visiting the Bieszczady National Park. Both groups were surveyed in 2011−2012. Tourists and pupils were well−informed about the presence of brown bear in the Bieszczady (96%), but far less about its distribution in other mountain ranges. Nearly 30% of the questioned tourists were not aware of the fact that leaving...
Presence of four owl species was confirmed in the area of Forest Experimental Station of WULS−SGGW in Rogów (central Poland) at the beginning of the 2000s. These were tawny owl, long−eared owl, little owl and barn owl. In the second half of the XX century migratory short−eared owls had also been recorded. Density of tawny owl territories per total area was 2.6/10 km2. For long−eared owl it was lower...
Paper presents results of measurement accuracy evaluation of two laser rangefinders (TruPulse and ForestPro integrated with MapStar compass) mounted on monopod and tripod under the forest conditions. The precise data on spatial coordinates of 34 trees in the Rogów Arboretum and 8 points from the geodetic control network in the Głuchów Forest were used. The results show that the measurement sets equipped...
The goals of this study are (1) to analyse the accuracy of the approximation of empirical distributions of diameter at breast height (dbh) using two−component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution in two−cohort stands, and (2) to discuss the procedure of choosing goodness−of−fit tests. The study plots were located in the Świętokrzyski National Park (central Poland)...
Increment of growing stock is one of the key indicators useful in forest management. In the State Forests in Poland, up to now it is estimated using growth and yield tables elaborated a century ago. Paper presents results of study concerning current annual increment of Scots pine stands. Basing on repeated measurements of stand volume increment was estimated to 14.5 m3/ha for stands in age from 37...
Particular entities of the State Forests differ in their activity in the field of nature−and forest−related education. The study provides an economic evaluation of the degree of involvement of forest districts, within the Regional Directorate of State Forests (RDSF) in Kraków, in educating the society on nature− and forest−related issues. Financial expenditures were analysed and the zero unitarization...
Study presents a classification model for predicting the occurrence of mass damage in young forest plantations caused by insect pests on roots belonging to Melolontha genus. Logistic regression model was built on the basis of 10 taxation features describing 177 young stands. Habitat fertility, occurrence of Scots pine and European beech, and weed infestation of the habitat are the most significant...
In homogeneous climate conditions Scots pine trees at different sites have similar short−term incremental rhythm. It was determined by the temperature of early spring and precipitation in June. Differences in the growth pattern are caused by various sensitivities of pines from different habitats to the temperature in May and precipitation in February and April of the current year.
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