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The use of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.), against the large pine weevil Hylobius abietis (L.) is currently studied in many countries. They show a great potential of nematodes for H. abietis control in laboratory and field experiments. In 2011 similar studies began in Poland to develop new biological control method of H. abietis with the use of native isolates of...
Study presents physical−chemical and chemical properties of humic acids in ectohumus (Ol and Ofh) and mineral humus (A) horizons of brown soils developed on granite, siltstone and permian sandstone. The examined profiles were located in forest habitat representing the fresh mountain forest under spruce and beech stands growing on moder type of forest humus.
The forest development strategy is a hierarchical set of actions specifying the ways to achieve three mutually integrated objectives: principal (strategic), tactical and operational. The principal objectives are formulated in the forest development control process and relate to forests understood as a whole, are long−term and determined by the forest and ecological policy of the state. The tactical...
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the biosocial position occupied by the tree on the amount and structure of the biomass produced. The empirical material was measurements of biomass for 63 pines (21 for each of the I, II, and III Kraft classes). The total aboveground biomass of the trees was calculated as sum of following fractions: stem wood, stem bark, living branches, dead branches,...
In the 1800s forest management in Polish forests was still in its infancy. This article reminds presents tree stands were described in those days. The then concepts of: the forest, tree stand, bare land and large tree group were explained. In addition, the notion as well as the method of determination of the stand species composition and its age, perpendicular structure, closure, mixture proportion,...
The studies were based on the empirical material collected from 88 sample plots located in 78 beech−pine stands and 10 pine stands with beech undergrowth. The effect of the competition of beech trees from the understorey and pine trees on the radial increment (r) and basal area increment (g) was investigated. The strength of the competition was determined using distance−independent indices, which...
The genetic variation is considered to be a key factor for long−term survival of the species. The recognition of the existing genetic diversity is the preliminary phase in development of an effective strategy for conservation of forest tree species gene pools. Taxus baccata L. with a wide but scattered distribution in Europe is an example of rare and endangered species that needs both ex situ and...
Mycological analyses of infected mountain pine needles were conducted for years 2011−2012. Yellow spots on needles were found in subalpine zone of the Karkonosze National Park. The isolation of fungi was conducted at the end of July in both years when the intensity of disease symptoms on needles was the highest. Infected needles were sampled from Kopa, Śląskie Kamienie, Kocioł Smogorni, Sokolnik,...
This article presents results of the pilot research conducted in the Carpathian Foothills. The research concerned the forest recreation in upland and mountain forests. For the purpose of the implemented research, method of recreational valuation of forests, developed at the Forest Research Institute was modified adopting it to areas of diverse relief.
The paper presents analysis of tree damage after early thinning in lowland spruce stands. Percentage of tree with damage and weighted damage index (WDI) were considered. Three different thinning operations were analysed, in which different cutting method was applied. The smallest level of damage was observed when short wood system (SWS) was used. There were no significant differences between frequency...
Cryopreservation is a method of storage of biological material at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (–196°C, LN). The main advantage of this method is the possibility to store viable cells for a long time. Desiccation and freezing sensitivity of seeds, their fragments or other plant organs, which are useful as genetic resources, should be investigated before cryopreservation.
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