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Critical transport velocity, thickness, width, length, angle of sliding friction and weight of small−leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) seeds from five batches, harvested in four neighboring seed regions in Poland, were determined. The values of shape factor, cross−sectional area, volume and density were calculated for each seed. The results were compared using standard statistical methods (simple...
The article presents an economic evaluation of effectiveness of early thinnings in pine stands. The assessment was based on the relationship between the revenues from timber sales and treatments costs. Studies confirmed that the profitability of thinning depends on the quality of habitat, stand age and forest district. Effectiveness of thinning is rising with increasing habitat quality. Costs of thinning...
The aim of the study was to develop a site index model for Scots pine stands in southern Poland describing changes in height growth of stand's upper storey over time. The research material contained the height growth data obtained from an analysis of 189 tree stems. The collected material was used to develop the parameters of six dynamic growth equations which allowed to determine site productivity...
The genetic variation of Norway spruce provenances from fourteen geographical regions were tested in the IPTNS−IUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica. The genetic structure of seven isozyme systems coded by eleven loci was described. Parameters of genetic polymorphism i.e. the average number of alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity were 1.47 and 0.12, respectively. The spruces from Belarus were...
The paper provides the review of research on interaction in dual cultures in vitro (fungus and plant tissue culture of its host plant) with marking test results in this area in order to show usefulness of this method in testing pathogenicity and the possibility of its use in forest practice
Paper concerns the valuation of forests under all forms of ownership on the basis of the first stage of the Large−Scale Forest Inventory completed in 2009. The total value of Polish forest resources (land and stands) at the end of 2008 amounted to nearly PLN 189 billion, of which 80% was the value of the forest resources available for wood supply. Forest resources of the highest value (PLN 145 billion),...
Presented investigations focused on spatial variability of forest soil pH on an example of luvisols derived from loess with underlier of marlstones. Four study plots were located in different parts of the slope. Marlstones, present deeper than 1 m under loess layer, had most significant influence on spatial variability of topsoil pH. Despite relatively thick separation from the surface, the marlstone...
Genetic markers in mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA were analysed to determine the native status and possibly trace the origin of the silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) growing outside this species natural range in Osusznica Forest District (northern Poland). The provenance of the extralimital populations were determined through comparison with reference samples from the native range of silver fir in...
The paper presents an analysis of merchantable timber volume in three Scots pine stands aged 35, 50 and 88 years depending on Kraft's classes. It also shows the strength of the relationship between this volume and various measures of a tree's growth space (crown projection area, crown width, Seebach's growth space number, crown projection area ratio, space of a single tree and crown spread), crown...
The aim of this research was to assess damage to three important forest−forming trees species in the mountains – spruce, fir and larch, and to study their increment reaction to changing environmental conditions. Research concerned forests under the management of four forest districts located in the Western Sudetes (SW Poland). Index W ranging from 0 to 3 was used for the assessment of the damage to...
Article presents the assessment of growth and survival of silver fir seedlings planted under stand canopies constituted by common beech, European larch, Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch. Measurements were carried out in Karkonoski National Park (SW Poland) in 2001 and 2011. The tallest trees were grow− ing under the canopy of larch both in 2001 and 2011.
In the natural stands of the lower−montane zone in the 'Łopuszna Valley' Reserve (Gorczański National Park) consisting of beech, fir and spruce, a specific phenomenon was observed, which in other natural forests of the Western Carpathians occurred only occasionally. In the years 1981−2011, along with the increase in the proportion of beech in stands and in regeneration, which is now common issue in...
Presented study compares of the performance of Scots pine plantations established with container−grown and bare−root seedlings. Silvicultural assessment was based on the comparison of survival rate, defect differentiation as well as height and diameter growth of plants depending on the type of the planting material used for renewal. Results show faster growth of the container−grown plants but their...
Changes in the performance of harvesters of different power classes depending on the size of felled trees in thinned stands were assessed using a time study method. Results were compared to values from the catalogue for chainsaw performance. Comparison of the productivity of these two ways of harvest indicated that, depending on the volume of the felled tree, it was 6−8.2 times higher for harvesters...
The article describes courses organized for foresters in Poland in 1918−1939. It demonstrates the importance of such trainings as a supplementary education of forest rangers, timber sorters and resin extractors.
Douglas−fir is the most important introduced forest tree species in Poland. It is included into the frame of the breeding program that needs to test the selected objects. In the described trial the families of 14 plus trees are being tested. They are half−sib families from the open pollination. The significant differences between the families were stated in case of the diameter at the breast height...
The effect of the controlled mycorrhization with the fungus Hebeloma crustuliniforme, the application of fungicides (Bayleton 25 WP, Falcon 450 EC, Nimrod 250 EC and Siarkol Extra 80 WP) in the nursery and the use of two types of substrate (a mixture of sterilized Estonian peat with vermiculite and unsterilized Polish peat with perlite) on the growth, level of infestation by powdery mildew and form...
Since the beginning of 2000s the State Forests, National Forest Holding have taken actions to improve the timber sales system. Implementation of the on−line sales in 2006 was one of such actions. The analysis shows that this introduction improved the efficiency of the RDSF in Poznań. Financial profitability doubled, while the yield cash and property sales remained at a stable level.
Paper analyses relationships between radial growth and seven crown−related parameters (crown length, relative length, width, slenderness, projection area and volume as well as single tree space) for ten alien and native tree species growing in 'common garden' conditions in the WULS−SGGW Forest Experimental Station in Rogów (central Poland). Significant correlation was found between 10− and 15−years...