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The results of laboratory tests of milk, as obtained in 2004 and 2005, were analysed. On the basis of these results, the mean level of fat and protein in milk during the successive years, feeding seasons and months of observations was estimated and protein - fat index was calculated. The change of the conditions of raw milk and modernization of dairy cattle feeding technology, being caused by the...
The aim of the study was an attempt to define the age of chinchillas females first time mating in relation to reproduction results. The reproduction indices as: average litter size (born and weaned), number of litters and kits per year, average inter-birth interval (days), in relation to the age of the first mating time were estimated. The research material consisted of 73 females, from which 491...
The reproductive behaviour in group of three adult giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) and born specimens behavioural ontogeny were observed at Warsaw ZOO during 2002-2005 period. The whole reproductive behaviour was described from estrus to parturition as similar to data of the wild giraffe. Behaviour of two calves was observed for 133 hours from early post birth period up to one year of age. The sequences...
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of Polish-bred Arabian horses on the results of international shows. An analysis of four international Arabian horse shows of the highest rank (of the "A" category) between the years 1992-2001 was conducted: the International Arabian Horse Show at Towerlands (Great Britain), the All Nations Cup in Aachen (Germany), the European Championships...
In the presented research on total 95 gilts, which were fed the same mixed meals and were slaughtered at the same body weight, the influence of breed: Polish Large White, Polish Landrace, Line-990, Pietrain and Duroc on mineral content in MLD was estimated. There was no significant effect of pigs' breeds on Ca and Na contents. The highest level of Fe was tested in MLD of Pietrain, together with the...
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of environmental enrichment on cats in captivity. The observation was carried out in Warsaw ZOO. Three species: puma (1:1), jaguar (1:1) and ceylon leopard (1:1) were observed. The data were collected from May to November 2000. Each week of observation was represented by three consecutive days (I - baseline, II and III - with enrichment). As regards...
In our research we tried explain the high genetic similarity among modern Wisent and domestic cattle. The genetic material was taken from different species of Bovidae family including aurochs. The control region of mitochondrial DNA and the sequence of gene 16S rRNA were subject to analyses. To compare the species we estimated genetic distance and constructed phylogenetic tree. The high level of similarity...
The clutches of pond turtle Emys. orbicularis, which have not completed their incubation period were transferred to indoors enclosure to finish the development. Newly hatched turtles were monitored regarding to the body weight and carapace sizes. During each of 24 measurements the turtles were subject to Open Field Test in order to evaluate their mobility and courage. The coefficient of repeatability...
Population of field vole in Southern Poland represents triennial cycle of numerical force. Regarding to this the free living vole population was tested in reference to two hypothesis of Carnov and Finerty (1980) and Lambin and Krebs (1991a), according to which the cyclic changes of sizes in population were dependent on changes of their inter individual genetic relationship. In 1999-2001 when phases...
In order to identify the possible mutations in exon 5 RPE65 gene in the Polish population of French sheepdogs - briards - we have studied 51 dogs of this breed (26 males and 25 females). The population studied consisted of about 80% of the key breeding stock animals in Poland. PCR reaction was performed after isolation of genomic DNA. The resulted product was - with no exception - of 107bp length,...
A total of 358 incubating embryos and 575 chicks produced by 36 Japanese quail parental pairs were used to determine the effect of temperature applied during short-term storage on uniformity of embryo development after 24 h of incubation and on hatchability. Embryos from eggs laid during the night reached at average the higher level of development (4.81 points) than from day deposited eggs (4.34 points),...
Longevity is the main functional trait, very important in the conservation and restitution breeding programs. This trait is determined by both genetic and environmental effects. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic variance of longevity in leopard and snow leopard populations kept in the zoological gardens. The data were extracted from the International Species Information System (ISIS)...
The Hucul horses, native breed of Carpathians, are valued for their strongly consolidated features, like high fertility, fecundity and foaling rate. The relation between the inbred and the reproduction results of Hucul mares was analyzed using two-way ANOVA and one-way ANOVA with regression. The inbreeding level is negatively correlated with fertility and fecundity. Increase of inbred level of 1%...
The behaviour of a pack of 14 Siberian huskies dogs of different sex and ages was observed. Based on observation of different dominant, submissive and affiliate behaviours of each dog, pack hierarchy was described. Behavioural patterns and frequencies of different behaviours were compared with those, previously described in wild wolves. Social structure and linear hierarchy proved very similar, whereas...
Keeping two groups of macropodid marsupials in adjacent enclosures at Warsaw ZOO created an opportunity to compare their behavior. Red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and red-necked wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus) are two species common in zoological gardens which in the wild are crepuscular and nocturnal. The observations were carried out in November 2006 - July 2007 period. They lasted for 14 days and...
Bees, bee bread and honey from 11 apiaries from Warmia and Mazury region were examined. In apiaries from Olsztyn the average concentration of HCH in bees was 0.0220 ng/g of lipid matter (l.m.), while from the apiaries situated on the fields of the former State Farms and individual farmers was more than twice and from Piska Forest 1.4 time higher than in Olsztyn. In bee bread from Olsztyn apiaries...
Injuries of honey bee workers and drones caged in native and foreign colonies. In June and July 2008 worker bees and drones were kept in plastic transport cages in native and foreign colonies. 4,224 honey bees were used in the investigation (1.920 workers and 2,304 drones). After 3 and 7 days of storage the bees' injuries were checked with a stereoscopic microscope. The results were used to determine...
The object of the study was the assessment of the usefulness of laboratory cage tests in the estimation of honey yield and the parameters characterising the springtime colony development and the colony strength. Each experiment comprised 10 colonies representing three groups of honeybees: pure-bred Buckfast (Bcf), Caucasian queen x Carniolan drone hybrids (Cau x Car) and Norwegian queen x Caucasian...
The experiment was run in a stationary apiary, at Otrę-busy, Pruszków region in the spring of 2005. The trial involved nineteen honeybee colonies divided into two groups: group I - 10 honeybee colonies were fed candy mix made of pollen and honey; group II - 10 colonies fed honey-and-sugar candy. The development of colonies was assessed based on brood area measurements. The experiments furnished evidence...
The aim of work was to investigate influence amounts of brood on production of honey at four the bees' races used in Finland. It was compared also wintering and spring development during three years. There was not found the influence of races on winter fall and nosema paralysis. The winter food consumption was dependent on race: Central European race - 1.04 kg, Carniolan race - 1.06 kg, Italian -...
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