The article deals with labour force mobility within the new Europe, with an emphasis on the analysis of migration between Slovakia and Slovenia. In March 2005 there were 2,298 citizens of EU countries employed in Slovenia, and of these 1,070 were from Slovakia. The bulk of Slovak workers are employed in the construction industry. Their level of education is relatively low. The number of the Slovak workers in Slovenia is increasing from month to month. The motivation for this migration is the opportunity for employment and the expectation of higher wages. For now this phenomenon of new migration has not affected the wages and employment opportunities of domestic workers.