A critical view on the traditional chronology of genetics is given (prehistory of genetics, covering two periods, from times immemorial till 1866, when G. Mendel law were discovered, 1866-1900, when the ground for future research of chromosomes was laid; the first period (1900-1930), classical genetics, the second period (1930-1953), neoclassicism in genetics; from 1953 and on, synthetic genetics), and a new one is elaborated in its place (prehistory, like the above; the first period (1990-1910), the second (1910-1928; the third (1929-1952); the fourth (1953-1971), the fifth (1972-2000), the sixth (2001 and on). The main criterion behind the elaborated chronology is important discoveries and the accumulation of scientific data required for the transition to a next development phase. The discoveries backing up the chronology are discovery (1866) and rediscovery (1990) of the laws of heredity, discovery of DNA construction (1929) and structure (1953), production of hybrid molecules of DNA (1972), deciphering of human genome (2001). Each chronological period (phase) of genetics continues while the scientific themes are elaborated, which are supposed to be outstanding for this period. For each chronological period, reference is made to outstanding researchers, discoveries and scientific books that landmarked the development of genetics in it. Also, knowledge accumulation is shown in each period, forerunning a new important discovery that moved the science up to a new chronological period (phase).