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The article deals with the meaning and mutual relations of the terms speech act, speech action (Sprachhandlung) and communicative function of an utterance. The authoress' goal is to determine whether they can be considered synonymous. While the term speech act is synonymous with 'illocutionary act', the conceptual meaning of the other two terms differs. Though it is difficult to draw a sharp line...
This article considers three periods of the theory of predication in the Prague Linguistic Circle. The first belongs to the classical period, the second to the 1960s and the final and current one begins in the 1990s. The work of three particular authors, Mathesius, Danes, and Sgall, is discussed. Four questions arise: 1) Was Mathesius an inspirational source for the second 1929 Thesis? 2) What were...
This paper discusses syntactic restrictions on infinitival imperatives in Czech. The authoress argues that for an infinitival imperative to be well-formed, there must be syntactic material asymmetrically c-commanding V in the phase (cyclic domain) of the imperative. She compares this restriction to other cross-linguistic restrictions on roots: in particular, she shows that the behavior of Czech infinitival...
The joint project of Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest and the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague Computational Lexicology and Dialogue Research has inspired not only specific approaches to new linguistic research, but has also directed attention toward the history of Hungarian and Czech linguistic description. Some previously hidden parallels in lexicography, grammar and corpus projects...
The present article aims to shed some light on the combinability of verbs, nouns and adjectives with prepositions - a phenomenon which is common both in Slovene and in English, but has not been extensively commented on by Slovene linguists. In Anglo-American linguistics, such combinations with prepositions are basically divided into two groups, which tend to be named differently by authors of different...
This article explores the role of metonymic semantic relationships in the derivation of words via suffixation in Czech. Most scholarly work on metonymy has focused on the use of one word to substitute for another word, as when we say redhead to refer to a whole person. A similar semantic relationship is present when we form a word like brichac 'person with a (big) belly' from the noun bricho 'belly'...
This study sketches a semantic analysis of three Czech words - domov (home), svedomi (conscience), and klid (rest, quiet, calm) - in comparison with their English translation equivalents. It is argued that they are key words in Havel's thought in that they represent recurring concepts in his writing that cut across both time periods (the pre- and post-1989 Havel) as well as genres. The import of these...
The research group from Humanities Laboratory at Lund University, Sweden, presents three strands of research on language and cognition where eye-tracking methodology has been used as a window on the mind. The paper includes: (1) eye tracking studies on picture viewing and picture description showing the dynamics of how speakers perceive, conceptualize and spontaneously describe complex visual scenes...
The investigation of intertextuality in the Czech scholarly milieu is traditionally demarcated by the Bakhtinian-Kristevan “broad” approach on the one hand, and by the Nitra School’s “technical” approach on the other. Nevertheless, it seems that one of the few Czech contributions to the topic, embodied in Lubomír Doležel’s conception of fictional worlds, namely in the notion of transduction, remains...
The article analyzes ironic interpretation in extracts from news interviews on British and Israeli television, specifically ironic criticism addressed to breaches of interactional conventions. In doing so, it elaborates on the notion of echoic mention of a prior utterance, thought or norm (e.g. Sperber & Wilson 1981, Wilson & Sperber 1992), and highlights the intrinsic relations it maintains...
The author discusses the problem of the semantic value of verse structure and its importance for the interpretation of poetry. Various metrical forms acquire their stylistic distinctness and profile, and become elements of the semiotic system of a given culture. Intertextual allusions to these metrical forms are to be treated as vehicles of meaning and are very important for the interpretation of...
In this article we describe a model of Czech intonation that is based on Daneš’s system of nuclear contours (1957), though, unlike Daneš’s system, it is formally inspired by autosegmental (tone-based) theory. After discussing the fundamental principles of the stylisation (prosodic phrase, types of tonal events, their scaling and their functions) we present and illustrate the inventories of prenuclear...
In this paper, I present an outline of the process of language problem management, which draws on the common elements of various models of the process of problem management in general. Since language problems are just one group of human problems occurring in various domains of life, I reached the conviction that a workable model of language problem management should build on problem management in...
This article’s main aim is to determine the advantages and limits in the utilization of a specifically developed type of follow-up method in combination with language biography interviews. The material consists of a series of language biography interviews conducted in Czech with Vietnamese women in their 20s and 30s who migrated to the Czech Republic as children, and subsequent follow-up interviews...
The aim of this paper is to re-examine the process model of LMT from theoretical as well as practical perspectives in order to harmonize it with other process models and widen its scope of analysis. In contrast to the ‘classic’ LMT process model, other process models on policy and management usually include a post-implementation stage. To examine the utility of this stage, a concrete case concerning...
This paper deals with the perceptual salience and intelligibility of reduced segments, both vowels and consonants, in casual Czech. It focuses on a specific type of reduction in which two neighboring sounds (e.g. a VC sequence) are pronounced simultaneously, thereby giving rise to an alternative segment which does not occur in standard Czech phonology, e.g. a nasalized vowel. These segments constitute...
Exonyms – i.e. toponyms of the type Rakousko, Benátky (‘Austria’, ‘Venice’) – were introduced to the Czech landscape (along with foreign endonyms) in medieval times. During the 19th century, a new, specific application of foreign place names began to appear, and this development forms the focus of the present article. Such words began to feature in attributive structures of the type český, pražský...
The present paper deals with the use of English as the primary contact language in interactional situations between local Cantonese speaking employers and their Filipino domestic helpers in Hong Kong. While the focus of the existing literature on Englishes in the globalised setting has been largely placed on the language itself, this paper discusses the use of English as a third-party language from...
Hittite grammar has been of great interest to comparative linguistics ever since it was deciphered by Bedřich Hrozný in 1915 and published in 1917 as Die Sprache der Hethiter (SH). Here we find the first description of the Hittite nominal system. In this article, I focus on the spatial cases as described by Hrozný and as they are understood today. In Part 1, I present the background of Hrozný’s research...
The core of this article is a substantial part of an interview conducted by J. Nekvapil with F. Daneš on September 21, 1988. The aim of the interview was to gain information for a profile of Daneš on the occasion of his 70th birthday, which was later published in Philologica Pragensia (Nekvapil 1989). Unlike other published interviews given by Daneš in later years, this one is characterized by a relatively...
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