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Two new documents are published here providing important information about the visit of President Edvard Benes to the USA and Canada in May-June 1943. The author of the first, quite detailed report describing the President's visit to the United States and the first comments was one of Benes' closest collaborators during the first phase of resistance movement Jan Papanek, a long-time Czechoslovak consul...
In the years 1943-1949, Hungary's foreign policy showed remarkable peripetia. No matter how different the particular concepts were, there was one common feature - they all failed. Unsuccessful proved Hungary's attempts of withdrawing from the war and calling a truce in the autumn of 1944. And quite unrealistic was the hope of support from the Western Allies. Hungary failed to persuade the Powers to...
This study deals with the activities of the Polish Socialist Worker's Party in the years 1921-1925, from the departure of a large number of its followers to the communists in 1921 to the Czechoslovak parliamentary election in November, 1925. The Polish socialists were in a very difficult situation, because they had to fight at the same time for the social interests of Polish workers, for the national...
Examples of J. V. Sladek's poetry and journalist work show the intensity of American inspiration shaping the Czech ideas and ideals of democracy. The image of America also contributed in a specific way to the evolution and stabilization of modern Czech civil society and nation and its political consciousness. It is actually impossible to objectively explain the social and political evolution of the...
The diplomatic relations between Czechoslovakia and France saw a dramatic decline after February 1948. The involvement of several French diplomats in the preparation of escape of J. Sramek and F. Hala impaired the mutual relations of both countries already in spring 1948. The people's democratic Czechoslovakia, whose foreign policy was now controlled from Moscow, systematically reduced the diplomatic...
The political career and life of the second Czechoslovak president Edvard Benes (1884-1948) showed many ups and downs. And so did also his personal and official files and archives. His written documents saw different stages of treatment according to the existing political and social upheavals and changes. Today, most of the documents relating to his person are available in the Masaryk Institute as...
In the second half of the 19th century, the Czech municipal government system was already well developed and was experiencing the 'golden age' of municipal autonomy. At the same time, however, Czech towns had to face the problem of 'urbanization', especially in Prague and Brno. Czech towns had to cope with urgent urban problems, such as housing, sanitation, or redevelopment. The Czech Town League,...
During the twenties, due to power struggles and to devastated and later only stabilized economy, Moscow could afford only a moderate increase of military expenditures. Their rapid growth started in the late 1920s, and mainly in 1931 and 1932 in response to the Far East tension and, in particular, in connection with the start of qualitative modernization of the Red Army. Its weapons and equipment,...
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