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The author has examined colonization processes in the height of the Middle Ages, when Germans and Slavs lived as neighbours and co-operated in various ways, in the Old March, which bordered on Wendland, and exactly in the village district of Salzwedel lying on the outskirts of the historic Old Brandenburg March. The Slavic population in the territories east of Salzwedel, settled by the Slavs long...
The article includes a detailed analysis of pagan beliefs in 'Summa de Confesionis Discretione', the handbook which was found in a Cistercian monastery in Rudy in the Upper Silesia. The authoress traces back the origin of the written monument, contending that it was written in the 13th century in Germany. To Silesia, the work may have come along with the German settlers who stayed in the Cistercian...
The Journey of Bruno of Querfurt to the Pechenegs – its Politics and Mission. The present study examines the reasons behind the journey by Bruno of Querfurt to the Pechenegs. According to the author, there is no indication that the missionary was involved in any political plans Boleslaw the Brave may have had for the steppe dwellers. The idea of the journey to the Pechenegs came from Bruno himself...
A Forgotten Town, the Village and Manor Zwanowo. Contribution to the Studies into Late Mediaeval and Modern Settlement Complex in Niedźwiedziny (Hamlet Dzwonowo), Administrative District Wągrowiec, Great Poland. The article presents a preliminary interpretation of vegetation dissimilarities recognized due to the analysis of an orthophotomap published on the Internet site www.geoportal.gov.pl. The...
The text presents the results of a functional analysis and interpretation of a wooden object discovered during archaeological works in Wolin. According to the authors of the article, it is the top plate of the soundboard of a stringed instrument called the nyckelharpa. The results of a radiocarbon test indicate that the Wolin instrument is now the oldest known instrument of this type.
A small group of richly decorated spurs has been known for a long time for their characteristic non-ferrous metal covering as well as massive bronze or brass thorn points. Most of them have been found in in the states of Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein. They are so similar that they could have been manufactured, if not in the same workshop, at least in the same region. The embossed metal sheath, reminiscent...
The castle in Kruszwica was built after 1343, at the request of Casimir III the Great. The oldest written sources, Kronika by Jan of Czarnków, dates the construction of the castle back to 1350-1355. The castle hosted the seat of the starost, judiciary authorities and a prison. In 1973-1982, the excavations were located in the central and south-western parts of the Castle Hill. In 2007-2008, the archaeological...
The article presents the transformation of stronghold in Poland in the 12th and 13th centuries. By providing the examples of Kruszwica (Kuyavia) and Ląd (Wielkopolska), attention has been drawn to the fact that, despite the collapse of the strongholds around which gords were once organised, they could continue development and remain political, societal, religious, economic and cultural centres. They...
The article addresses the issue of multicultural settlements from ancient until modern times, located on the Vistula floodplains within Urzecze micro-region. Archaeological, historical and partly ethnographic research indicate an “island” rather than dispersed nature of the local settlement. The separation of clusters allowed to discover many hitherto lost medieval villages or parts of them. The main...
The paper outlines the impact of the crusade ideas in Western Pomerania from the twelfth to the end of the first quarter of the thirteenth century, showing how it affected the region in three essential stages. The Western Pomeranians – attached to a traditional, native belief system – first encountered the crusade movement in the first half of the twelfth century, initially as its victims. Subsequently,...
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