The work is an insight into the teacher-student conversations as perceived by J. Bruner and his theoretical model of popular pedagogy. The work is an attempt to discuss how teachers perceive the model of student's mind and how it influences pedagogy in various cultural-based situations. The text presents a material showing how a conversation can be used to serve the educational purpose. It consists of analysis and observations of the work of 10 female teachers during 30 lessons in 3rd grade of Polish comprehensive schools. Using Brurner's typology, teacher's behaviour towards the students, as observed on various lessons, can be divided into 4 groups. Emphasising: 1) gaining practical abilities, 2) gaining declarative knowledge, 3) developing intersubjective exchange, 4) maintaining objective knowledge.