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The term social discounting refers to the decrease of a subjective value of a reward to be shared with one or more people compared to a reward exclusive to an individual. Similarly to temporal and probabilistic discounting, this process can have an adaptive function. Based on Trivers' reciprocal altruism and Hamilton's inclusive fitness theories, the following hypotheses were formulated: (1) there...
A lot of controversy surrounds examples of reciprocal altruism in animals discussed in literature, raising the question whether animals demonstrate this type of altruistic behaviour at all, and if not, why? Among the mentioned reasons for its absence are cognitive limitations in peer identification, numerical competences, memory and learning, as well as temporal discounting. On the other hand, it...
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