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We demonstrated a novel fabrication technique of 3-D biobattery packs by folding or stacking 2-D paper-based biobatteries for their series and/or parallel connections. A stackable, high-performance bacteria-powered battery was developed by folding two functional components (i.e. a conductive hydrophilic reservoir as an anode and a solid electron acceptor as a cathode) integrated into a single sheet...
We demonstrate the use of a paper-based sensing platform for rapid and high-throughput characterization of microbial electricity-generating capabilities. For the first time, a 48-well microbial fuel cell (MFC) array was fabricated on paper substrates, providing 48 high-throughput measurements and highly comparable performance characteristics in a reliable manner. Spatially distinct 48 wells of the...
We report a paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) generating a maximum power of 5.5 μW/cm2. The MFC features (1) a paper-based proton exchange membrane by infiltrating sulfonated sodium polystyrene sulfonate and (2) micro-fabricated paper chambers by patterning hydrophobic barriers of photoresist. Once a sample was added to the device, a current of 74 μA generated without any startup time. This paper-based...
We report an array of three microliter-sized microbial fuel cells (MFC) that can produce 100 μW. Individual MFCs were integrated on two sandwiched glass slides, and had two 50 μL-sized chambers each (Geobactor sp. in the anode, ferricyanide in the cathode chambers, respectively) separated by a cation exchange membrane (CEM). The three MFCs were formed in a series array to produce 1.8 V at the maximum...
A steady-state high density LaB6 dc plasma source is developed for the divertor plasma simulator (DiPS), which is a linear device for the studies on various electric probes, plasma-wall interactions, atomic processes, and for the development of plasma diagnostics. Since the LaB6 is very weak against the thermal shock, which is possibly caused by the overflow of the discharge current in a flash, and...
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