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During shortcut biological nitrogen removal in a polluted river, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were quantified by near infrared spectroscopy and the synergy interval partial least squares (siPLS) algorithm. Spectral data of 138 water samples were obtained with a near infrared spectrometer. In addition, the real values of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen...
Near infrared spectroscopy and interval partial least-squares (iPLS) were applied to rapid quantitative analysis of thepoly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyphosphate (Poly-P), and glycogen (Gly) during denitrifying phosphorus removal. Wavelet denoising was used to pretreat the raw near infrared spectroscopy, and the quantitative analysis models (iPLS models) of PHB, Poly-P, and GLY were established with...
While simultaneous processing of heavy metal-rich waste and municipal sewage sludge (MSS) in cement kilns may be a useful measure for protecting the environment, simultaneous co-disposal of these two types of wastes has seldom been reported in detail. In this study, we examined how MSS influenced the fixation of heavy metals during clinkerization and determined the main controlling mechanisms through...
Rapid and extensive economic development in China has resulted in a dramatic increase in the consumption of energy and resources with negative ecological effects. This study sought to define the concept of social-ecological systems (SES) resilience to determine whether a given system can effectively withstand these adverse effects per its quantitative level of resilience. The information entropy method...
An intermittent aerobic process has been developed to effectively remove nitrogen from polluted rivers. In addition, a chemometric model was developed to achieve simultaneous rapid analysis of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen based on near-infrared spectroscopy data combined with a support vector machine. An intermittent aeration process showed that total nitrogen decreased from...
Soil erosion tends to occur with rainfall runoff, thus leading to grave soil and water loss. An increase of water content in soil caused by rain makes the loss of matrix suction and the decrease of shear strength obvious, and will promote soil erosion. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) can be used to describe the relationship between the water content and the matrix suction in unsaturated...
Pharmaceutical wastewaters are generated through complex manufacturing processes that contain a variety of organic and inorganic constituents, and are usually characterized by a high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids, dissolved solids (salts), toxicity, and refractory compounds. In this paper, wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) was adopted to treat pharmaceutical wastewater...
This paper proposes a metafrontier non-radial and non-oriental DEA to examine environmental efficiency in China. This approach takes the regional technology heterogeneity, non-radial slacks, and undesirable outputs into consideration simultaneously. The results show that undesirable output inefficiency largely contributes to environmental inefficiency. And under the metafrontier technology assumption,...
With the liquid crystal displays (LCDs) being widely used in televisions, notebooks, and mobile phones, etc., large quantities of LCDs are entering into their end-of-life stage for treatment. If not treated properly, a loss of resources and undesirable impacts on the environment and human health can occur. In order to treat the waste LCDs in an efficient and environmentally friendly way, a combined...
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