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High energy consumption remains a challenge for the amine-based post-combustion CO2 capture in thermal power plants. Process intensification is a feasible way to reduce heat requirement effectively in a CO2 capture process. In this work, we propose a hybrid post-combustion CO2 capture process configuration, aiming at lower energy consumption compared to conventional ones. The proposed process configuration...
This manuscript analyzes the influencing factors of energy consumption growth in Guangdong Province using the logarithmic mean Divisia index I (LMDI) decomposition method developed based on the physical processes of energy utilization from the primary energy supply to end-use sectors. By introducing the input-output method for mapping the energy allocation diagrams of Guangdong Province, we derive...
The utilization scale of biomass solid densified fuel (BSDF) in China is still far from reaching the 2020 target of the national plan. Promoting the utilization of pellet fuel from corn straw (CSPF) is an effective way to increase the utilization of BSDF considering its resource potential and convenience for distributed use. To enhance scientific support for the corresponding policy research, this...
Crosswind degrades the cooling performance of a natural draft dry cooling tower (NDDCT) by affecting the air flow field at the inlet and outlet and inducing complex vortices inside and outside the tower. The distribution of the vortices along the flow streams is found to be a key factor for the ventilation rate. The parameter of flow loss factor (FLF) is proposed to quantitatively identify the effect...
Power demand in China has increased rapidly in the past decade, and it is projected to grow even further. To gain insights into how this demand growth could optimally be met, addressing regional differences such as resource distribution and power demand, is crucial. For long-term planning purposes, using a multi-regional mathematical model that divides China's power sector into regions overcomes the...
Large-scale energy storage is essential for the stability of a grid, especially for those with large proportion of intermittent renewable energy sources. The efficiency of a conventional compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology is limited by compression heat loss and changing working conditions.In this manuscript, a combined air and hydro energy storage (CAHES) system is proposed, which realizes...
Raw measured data from an industrial process inherently contain measurement errors. Data reconciliation together with statistical test methods can be used for gross error detection and identification. The magnitude of a gross error should satisfy a quantitative criterion for sufficient isolation from other measurements. However, research on the isolability and identification for multiple gross errors...
Measurement errors inevitably exist amongst on-line measured data in steam turbine power plants. Problematic steam turbine isentropic efficiencies and turbine expansion curves are therefore obtained in the existence of measurement errors. Data reconciliation is widely used for uncertainty reduction of measurements and parameter estimation. Inequality constraints or bounds are rather necessary in some...
In this study, a fixed bed of pulverized coal particles was employed to enhance the precombustion CO2 capture from fuel gas (40 mol% CO2/H2). The performance of the HAHF (hybrid adsorption-hydrate formation) process occurred in the fixed bed was evaluated at different liquid saturations and operation pressures. The experiments were carried out at 274.2 K with the pressure varying from 3.0 MPa to 6...
This paper proposed a COSM (cost-optimization superstructure model) and derived the optimized oil-saving pathways for road freight transportation in China until 2030. The optimization target of the COSM was to minimize the accumulated energy and vehicle costs from 2010 to 2030 by choosing the most cost-effective fuel option for newly registered trucks each year. Based on the COSM, three scenarios...
This manuscript attempted to analyze the influencing factors of coal consumption growth in China using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) decomposition method developed based on the physical processes of coal utilization from raw coal to the end-use sectors. By mapping the energy allocation diagram of coal flows, we built a method to balance the energy allocation of coal flows and derived several...
While most of previous studies on China's energy conservation took the huge country as a whole, this manuscript revealed the obvious regional disparities in energy consumption of China's 30 provinces. Based on a hybrid energy input–output model, the total energy consumption of different regions was decomposed and compared using three measurements of embodied energy in inter-regional trade: 1) only...
The quality of on-line measured operational data is usually not satisfactory for the performance monitoring of coal-fired power plants, due to the low accuracy of measuring instrument. Data reconciliation is a data preprocessing technique which can improve the accuracy of measured data through process modeling and optimization, and can also be used for gross error detection together with a statistical...
This study analyzes the material utilization flow, including element carbon (C) and hydrogen (H), together with the energy saving ratio to quantify the material utilization and energy conversion in a coal-based polygeneration system producing methanol and electricity. The C utilization ratio and H utilization ratio are defined from the perspective of material utilization, representing what percentage...
Power plant on-line measured operational data inevitably contain random and gross errors. Data reconciliation is a data preprocessing technique, which makes use of redundant measured data to reduce the effect of random errors, and identify gross errors together with a statistical test method. When applying the data reconciliation based gross error identification method in real-life process, it is...
The interconnection between a renewable power generation facility and a power grid poses challenges because of volatility and intermittent characteristics. Energy storage is one of the best solutions for this problem. This paper presents an integrated energy storage system (ESS) based on hydrogen storage, and hydrogen–oxygen combined cycle, wherein energy efficiency in the range of 49%–55% can be...
In this paper, we propose a simplified method and build a model accordingly for estimating the energy-saving potentials of building construction and demolition with the consideration of China's rapid growth of building construction and its short actual lifespan of buildings. To demonstrate the practicability of the proposed method and model, we further develop an illustrative case study to estimate...
A new concept of ‘low-carbon towns’ (LCTs) has emerged in the urban planning and development of China in recent years to face the challenge of global climate change. This manuscript presents the current status, basic concepts, and town practices for the development of LCTs in China. First, we summarize the driving forces and regional activities for the development of LCTs in China; then, we introduce...
Coal based polygeneration, a technology that couples power generation and chemical production, is a promising solution to the challenges of fossil fuel depletion and greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon monoxide shift process is a key unit in polygeneration, which adjusts hydrogen and CO ratio according to the requirements of downstream processes. Usually steam is added to shift the gas composition extensively,...
We present a map of the transformation of energy in China as a Sankey diagram. After a review of previous work, and a statement of methodology, our main work has been the identification, evaluation, and treatment of appropriate data sources. This data is used to construct the Sankey diagram, in which flows of energy are traced from energy sources through end-use conversion devices, passive systems...
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