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A fibrinogenolytic metalloproteinase from Bothrops moojeni venom, named moojenin, was purified by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that moojenin consists of a single polypeptide chain and has a molecular mass about 45 kDa. Sequencing of moojenin by Edman degradation revealed the amino acid sequence LGPDIVSPPVCGNELLEVGEECDCGTPENCQNE,...
The antiproliferative, cytotoxic and apoptogenic activities of Bufo melanostictus (Indian common toad) skin extract (TSE) on U937 and K562 leukemic cell line has been investigated. TSE significantly (P<0.001) reduced the time-dependent cell proliferation and decreased MTT values in U937 and K562 cells. TSE (IC50 doses) suppressed the proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in both the cells...
In the present study, King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom was subjected to TLC followed by column chromatography/HPLC to isolate and purify a non-protein toxin designated as KC-MMTx. 1 H NMR, IR and EIMS studies showed KC-MMTx likely to be a 282 D unsaturated aliphatic acid having molecular formula C 18 H 34 O 2 . The minimum lethal dose of KC-MMTx was 200μg/kg (i...
A unique (lethal-cardiotoxic-hemorrhagic) protein toxin (Toxin CM55) was isolated and purified from Indian King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom by CM-sephadex ion exchange chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. The purified toxin had an SDS-molecular weight of 22 +/- 0.5 kD. UV absorption spectra of Toxin CM55 showed a peak at 280 nm, whereas when excited at 280 nm fluorescence, Toxin CM55 showed...
Bufo melanostictus (common Indian toad) acquire different bioactive substances in their skin during their life-time in wide ecological habitat. Earlier investigation from this laboratory revealed that toad (B. melanostictus) skin extract (TSE) posses different bioactive compounds of different diversity (Das, M., Auddy, B. and Gomes, A., 1996. Pharmacological study of the toad skin extract on experimental...
The present investigation explored the possible venom neutralizing effect of a pure compound (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid) isolated and purified from the methanolic root extract of Hemidesmus indicus R.Rr. 2-OH-4-MeO benzoic acid possessed potent anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antioxidant properties. The compound effectively neutralized inflammation induced by Vipera russelli venom in male...
Many Indian medicinal plants are known to be active against snakebite; some of these are popularly used by snake charmers and ohjas. The present investigation was an effort to identify some of the plants and to evaluate their neutralizing capacity against snakebite. Eight plants were selected, Hemidesmus indicus (HI), Pluchea indica (PI), Vitex negundo (VN), Emblica officinalis (EO), Aristolochia...
Snakebite, a sociomedical problem, occurs throughout the world. In India, snakebite is a major health hazard that leads to a high rate of mortality. Besides serotherapy, no other chemical antagonists are known to be effective against snake venom. Recently, an organic acid [4 methoxy salicylic acid (A)] was purified from the root extract of Hemidesmus indicus which proved to be active against viper...
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