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The thermal and native oxidation of CuGaSe 2 thin films was studied by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The special design of the XPS chamber allowed to measure XP-spectra under oxidizing gas atmospheres at pressures of up to 5mbar (in situ) or in ultra high vacuum (UHV). During thermal oxidation, the formation of predominantly Ga 2 O 3 and some amount of SeO...
The surface of vanadium phosphorus oxide (VPO) catalysts was investigated by (in situ) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) under reaction conditions. Two differently prepared VPO samples with similar catalytic activities showed different spectral behaviour while the catalytic conditions were changed. The vanadium surface oxidation state of both catalysts was found to have the same value close to...
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